Fender’s Jack White Collection dropped this week, and it includes what might be the most exciting tube amp design in decades. Fender’s Stan Cotey shares some firsthand insight into this unique amp’s design.
This week, Fender and Jack White dropped a new line that spun heads across the guitar-gear universe, proving that the Third Man’s brain knows no bounds. White has been blowing minds with Third Man Hardware’s line of collaboratively conceived gear. Working with makers of all sizes, each yellow-and-black piece is as unique as White himself.
Hooking up with Fender for the Jack White Signature Collection—which includes the Signature model hot-rod Jack White TripleCaster Telecaster and the stunning Jack White TripleSonic Acoustasonic—is as big as it gets, and this week’s announcement is proportionately epic.
The all-new Jack White Pano Verb amp looks to be one of the most forward-thinking advances in tube amps we’ve seen in … well, a very long time! Although it’s roughly inspired by three vintage Fender models—a 1964 Vibroverb, a 1960 Vibrasonic, and a 1993 Vibro-King—the Pano Verb is a rare all-new design that is poised to thrill. The single-channel stereo amp delivers 70 watts of combined power and features stereo harmonic tremolo and stereo reverb circuits, with unique routing options through the hip pair of 15" and 10" speakers. If you haven’t checked out Fender’s video announcing the amp, prepare to have your mind blown by the possibilities.
“It wasn’t based on what we could or couldn’t do, or what even was or wasn’t possible. It was just what Jack was looking to accomplish.”
Fender Vice President of Research and Development Stan Cotey, who worked closely with White to develop the prototypes for the Pano Verb, says, “There were no restrictions as far as how wild something could be. It wasn’t based on what we could or couldn’t do or what even was or wasn’t possible. It was just what Jack was looking to accomplish.” Putting those goals into action was a kick for Cotey. “I love the fact that we’re still pushing the idea of vacuum tubes and that there are things remaining to be done,” he says. “And [the Pano Verb] is a really crazy thing. It’s fun when one of the larger companies tackles a big crazy thing and releases it in a bold manner.”
We rang up Cotey to get the scoop on designing the amp as we wait to get our hands on one.
Cotey calls the Pano Verb “a really crazy thing,” and says, “It’s fun when one of the larger companies tackles a big crazy thing and releases it in a bold manner.”
The Pano Verb has a refreshingly unique and adventurous set of features.
Stan Cotey: There’s two separate power amps, there’s two separate preamps, there’s a reverb circuit. There are two separate harmonic vibrato circuits. There’s two full, separate amps in it—there’s one power supply, but everything else, there’s at least two of.
There are several different kinds of stereo interaction that could happen. The harmonic vibrato could be stereo. The reverb, even though it’s a mono tank, could be steered to the speakers differently, which kind of gives a stereo-imaging thing. So, that opens up myriad possibilities for how things could work.
How involved was Jack in the design?
Cotey: He was completely hardcore. He cared in great detail, exactly down to fine decimal points, how it worked. He was very particular about the voicing. He was very particular about the features he knew. He’s pretty studio savvy, so he had a sense of routing, how he wanted the stereo interaction of the sections to work together. He very much had an idea of stereo-ness for the amp at the outset of it. He talked early on about miking both speakers and panning them—he wanted to be able to do sort of startling things with each speaker’s content.
I think my role was to take the stuff that he wanted to do and figure out how we could do it. So, the stereo-ness of the amp, the 10" speaker versus the 15" speaker, the routing stuff you could do where the reverb goes to one speaker or both, all that stuff came from Jack.
Jack’s Vibrasonic was a touchstone for the Pano Verb.
Cotey: That amp lived with me for quite a while. He knew that he liked the harmonic tremolo.
The stereo harmonic tremolo, that’s a fairly part-intensive circuit, even in a normal brown amp. In this amp, there’s two full circuits in it, so it is literally double the parts of one of the more complicated earlier ’60s amps, just for that part of the amp. I worked out how that works. That’s two harmonic tremolos that are in sync, but opposite polarity. So, when one’s going up, the other is going down, and vice versa.
Stan Cotey is Fender’s Vice President of Guitar Research and Development and worked with White to design the prototypes for the Pano Verb.
The reverb mix on the Pano Verb is rooted in some vintage designs, but it’s handled a little differently here.
Cotey: In the video, he talked about the reverb tank in front of the amp, which forms the Vibro-King, and that he liked the idea. I think he liked the idea of having a more comprehensive, dedicated reverb circuit in an amp, not where it’s just kind of spread on the top, like margarine or something.
In a traditional Fender amp, there’s a feed that comes off the preamp circuit that goes to a driver, which is a tube and a little transformer, and that drives the reverb tank. Then, the output of the reverb tank goes into a recovery amp, a little gain stage with a tube, and that gets mixed with the output of the channel and shoved into the power amp. So, the reverb kind of occurs between the preamp and the power amp. It largely takes the tonality of the preamp on because the tone controls are upstream of it.
Jack has an old Fender amp from the early ’60s that had reverb added. I don’t know who modified it, but they actually used the second channel of the amp as the reverb return, which I think is really super clever. Then you get tone controls for the reverb. So that’s where that idea came from. He didn’t necessarily want the reverb circuit in front. He liked it between the preamp and the power amp, but he wanted to have it be more comprehensive than what would be on a typical mid-’60s Fender amplifier.
What was the most exciting feature for you to create?
The stereo harmonic tremolo was really fun, and the journey that we went on to get there was really cool. I have a tweed amp from the late ’50s from Guild that has tremolo in it, and it’s a stereo amp. It has two separate everythings. The tremolo only works on one side, and that gives the apparent sound that it’s kind of going back and forth between the speakers. We tried having just the harmonic tremolo on one side of this, and it really wanted to have two complete full circuits. So that was one of the changes that got made.
Getting the power amps to work well together was fun too. That was more about transformer and tube selection and working the power supply parts out, getting the amps where they would distort in the right way at the right times or right level. But the harmonic tremolo was definitely the elephant dancing on the bucket with the streamers going off.
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NYC DSP Pico Series
The Electro-Harmonix Pico pedal series offers a range of compact, powerful effects suitable for various musical styles. The Pico Pitch Fork provides pitch shifting, while the Pico Oceans 3-Verb delivers three versatile reverb modes. The Pico Canyon Echo offers lush delay effects, and the Pico Deep Freeze gives dynamic freeze and shimmer sounds. The Pico Attack Decay allows for vintage envelope control, and the Pico Triboro Bridge produces rich, harmonic tremolo. The Pico Rerun emulates the warm, nostalgic sound of lo-fi tape echo, while the Pico Platform is a compressor/limiter with precise control. Lastly, the Pico POG offers polyphonic octave generation, all in small, pedalboard-friendly sizes.
EHX Pico Attack Decay - Tape Reverse Simulator
Create volume swells and decays, both in Mono mode—one volume envelope for all notes you play—or in Poly mode where each note to has its own volume envelope creating cascading swell effects and leads with agile attack smoothing.
EHX Pico Canyon Echo – Digital Delay
Pristine digital delay featuring up to 3 seconds of delay, Filter control, and tap tempo with 3 tap division modes.
EHX Pico Deep Freeze – Sound Retainer
Classic EHX Freeze effect with added auto mode, glissando, individual DRY and EFFECT level controls, and adaptive layering.
EHX Pico Oceans 3 Verb – Multi-mode Reverb
Packed with 30 polyphonic pitch modes, latching/momentary functionality, and adjustable pitch bend sweep for whammy-style effects.
EHX Pico Platform – Studio-style Compressor
Studio-style compressor / limiter to precisely tune dynamics with adjustable attack and sustain, hard/soft knee compression curves, and blend knob for parallel compression magic.
EHX Pico POG – Polyphonic Octave Generator
World famous octave effect in a pico package featuring octave up and down plus new Tone knob with tilt-shift EQ, Low Pass, and High Pass filtering options.
EHX Pico Rerun - Tape Delay
Vintage-style tape delay sounds with adjustable saturation and flutter to achieve a variety of warm, crunchy, warbly delay tones.
EHX Pico Tribobo Bridge – OD/Dist/Fuzz
Bridging the worlds of overdrive, distortion, and fuzz in a sub-compact pico chassis with selectable input contouring eq, active EQ on OD and DIST, and LPF and Gate on Fuzz.
EHX Pico Pitch Fork – Polyphonic Pitch Shifter
Packed with 30 polyphonic pitch modes, latching/momentary functionality, and adjustable pitch bend sweep for whammy-style effects.
Harmonic tremolo that swims in traditional and trippy directions.
Fat, liquid harmonic tremolo tones that range from vintage to bizarre. Huge range in controls. Interactive controls mean lots of tone variation.
Frequency and resonance controls can feel elusive.
$229
Spaceman Delta II
spacemaneffects.com
More than seven decades on, tremolo remains one of the most mesmerizingly delicious and mysterious textures in music. And while it's now a familiar part of the popular music lexicon, it has lost none of its power to evoke mystery, oceanic depths, faraway lands, and deep space.
Harmonic tremolo is perhaps the most mysterious tremolo of all. Rather than use volume attenuation to achieve its hypnotic pulses, harmonic tremolo uses dual band filtering and LFOs to emphasize high and low frequencies in a rhythmic, alternating pattern. The resulting effect is, generally speaking, woozier than the stuttery textures of amplitude tremolo—and capable of suggesting and inducing very dreamy states of mind.
Harmonic tremolo emulations are relatively plentiful these days, but few are as fun and capable of spanning old-school sounds and twisted textures as Spaceman's new Delta II. It generates the deep, woozy, pitch-stretching modulations that make early-'60s-style harmonic tremolo so fundamentally appealing. It can also stretch the effect to extremes with little likeness to tremolo at all.
A Deep Weave
The Delta II walks the line between complexity and simplicity adroitly. The interactive nature of Delta II's controls might frustrate players used to fast, predictable results from one of two knobs. But it's worth investing the time to grok how they work together, because those relationships can be the ticket to very distinct and individual variations on harmonic and amplitude tremolo.
Even the two most recognizable controls on the Delta II—the depth and rate—behave in comparatively unusual ways. Much of the first third of the depth's range, for instance, is subtle enough to be imperceptible at certain settings. The rate knob, meanwhile, hits the maximum modulation rate of a Fender amp tremolo before you even get to the 12 o'clock position, and at extremes it pulsates at rates so fast that it sounds more like ring-modulated fuzz than tremolo. On some pedals, these expansive parameter ranges might be annoying, but the Delta II's precise pots make it easy to find sweet and familiar settings.
The small lower left knob called lag enhances the Delta II's flexibility considerably. It shifts the phase relationship between LFO outputs. At full counterclockwise, the two outputs are in phase and produce less phase-y amplitude-tremolo-style pulses. As you twist it clockwise, the phase relationship changes—inducing ever wobblier variations on the harmonic tremolo flavor. It's a smart addition for players who occasionally like the directness of amplitude tremolo.
At extremes, it pulsates at rates so fast that it sounds more like ring-modulated fuzz than tremolo.
Even more tone variations are available via the 3-position voice switch. In the left position, the LFO modulates the high-frequency and dry signals. In the middle, it modulates high and low frequency signals. And in the right position it modulates the low-frequency and dry signals. The latter two of these tend to sound the most immersive, while the high-and-dry settings tend to sound a touch thinner and more focused.
All three of these voices can be recast depending on how you use the resonant filter (regulated by the "freq" control) and the resonance knob. And much of the real magic in Delta II's control layout is down to how effectively the frequency, voice, and resonance controls work together as a very powerful EQ section. In the studio—or as you refine a live band mix or arrangement for a given song—you can use various combinations of these controls to carve out very specific harmonic spaces. And given how deep these tremolo throbs can be, the ability to effectively emphasize a frequency band here and cut another there opens up many arrangement possibilities. Once you master the practice of fine tuning them, you can make tremolo pulses more integrated or distinct within the sound of instruments occupying a given frequency range.
The Verdict
Billing the Delta II as a harmonic tremolo nearly undersells what the pedal can do. Apart from generating liquid modulations that would tickle any brown-panel Fender or Magnatone fan, the Delta II can dish synthy ring-modulated chirps, rotary speaker-like colors, and snorkely filtered pulses. Studio hounds will be thrilled with how the frequency, resonance, and voice controls enable surgical sculpting of trem tones so they can be situated in very specific harmonic spaces.
The Delta II isn't without its quirks. You can easily go down a rabbit hole searching for ideal EQ, filter, and resonance profiles. But it takes just a modicum of practice to get a lot of extra mileage out of those controls, and they are full of surprises. If you're looking for classic harmonic tremolo formulas exclusively, there are more direct and inexpensive ways to get there. For more curious tremolo fans, however, the Delta II is a treasure chest of sweet, deep, and demented modulations that can be fantastically transportive.