Push the boundaries of traditional blues by injecting some Lydian flavor into your playing.
Chops: Intermediate
Theory: Intermediate
Lesson Overview:
⢠Discover how to use the Lydian dominant scale over the I and IV chords.
⢠Create phrases that focus on the #4 of the scale.
⢠Develop a sense of extended harmony with chords drawn from the melodic minor scale.
Click here to download MP3s and a printable PDF of this lesson's notation.
Thereās no denying the deep roots of the blues, and, of course, the resounding effect blues has had on just about every musical genre thatās come since. From bebop to rock ānā roll, country to heavy metal, the blues always has beenāand always will beāa huge part of who we are. So whether or not youāre a blues musician, injecting a little blues into your phrases can be good for the soul.
āIf you canāt play the blues ... you might as well hang it up.ā ājazz legend Dexter Gordon
That said, if youāre an avid blues player, sometimes thereās nothing better than pushing the boundaries of the genreāeither to add some new ideas into your blues or just to appreciate the complexity of the genre a bit more.
In this installment of Beyond Blues, Iām going to introduce you to the Lydian dominant tonality and help you quickly bring this flavor to your playing. The Lydian dominant scale (aka Lydian b7) is actually the fourth mode of the melodic minor scale, but to avoid a deep lesson on modal relationships and melodic minor harmony, weāre going to make this really simple and instead adjust something you likely already know.
In Fig. 1, Iāve written out both the C Mixolydian (1ā2ā3ā4ā5ā6āb7) scale and the C Lydian dominant (1ā2ā3ā#4ā5ā6āb7) scale in the fourth position of the CAGED system, also known as the āAā shape. As you can see, the only difference between the two scales is the raised 4th degree.
The real important point here is for you to engrain the sound of each of these scales over a dominant 7 chord. For your reference, I have recorded two audio examples over the I and IV chords of a blues, first opting for a Mixolydian scale, then the Lydian dominant. Listen closely to each and try to describe how the sound of each solo makes you feel.
To my ears, the Lydian dominant scale has a quirky, yet mysterious sound, and resting on that #4 can really create a sense of excitement and exploration. Itās the sort of sound youād expect to hear from players like Larry Carlton, John Scofield, and Scott Henderson more than, say, B.B. King or Jeff Beck.
You can think of it as simply a color from a different palette. To help visualize this scale all over the neck, I have included diagrams for all the CAGED positions as well.
In Fig. 2, Iāve written out some chord voicings for you to play around with. When Iām improvising, everything is harmony. While technically the Lydian dominant scale creates a 13#11 sound, if you wait for that chord to use this scale, youāll be waiting a while. And when it does come along, the scale wonāt sound āoutsideāāit will just sound āinsideā on an admittedly unusual chord.
The idea here is for you to play these chords and familiarize yourself with their sound, since this is the sound youāll create when playing the Lydian dominant scale over a regular dominant 7 chord. While the C9#11 doesnāt actually contain the 3rd, this perfectly highlights the sound of the scale to my ear.
Our first lick (Fig. 3) works well over an extended dominant 7 chord vamp, and while the first measure contains both the 4 and #4, we anticipate the second measure by resting on the #4 and playing around with a little fragment Iām fond of in this position. The line then moves up a dominant 7 arpeggio and lands in real blues territory with a classic little minor-pentatonic clichĆ©. For the audio Iāve played this starting in the second measure of the blues form.
For our second lick (Fig. 4), we have a similar approach to the previous example. We begin with a typical country influenced Mixolydian idea in measure one, and then highlight the #4 leading into the second measure. We follow that with a series of descending triads taken from C Lydian dominant and move them down the neck before resolving. As with Fig. 1, for the audio I placed this over the I chord, starting in the second measure.
Our final lick (Fig. 5) will take you nicely from the I to the IV before resolving on the I. This is a very common approach from players like Robben Ford or Larry Carlton, treating the I chord as a dominant, then the IV as a non-functioning V7 chord and using the Lydian dominant. So to tackle this youāll need to transpose our Lydian dominant patterns to F. This highlights the use of the CAGED system where each of our scale patterns fits around a parental chord form.
For your own practice benefit, Iāve included an eight-minute backing track, which just loops the first eight measures of a 12-bar blues progression. This should be the perfect platform for experimenting with these new sounds without having to worry about all the chord changes you might expect in bars 9-12 of a blues.
Hopefully this lesson has helped expand your tonal palette and has left you hungry to experiment. Remember, music is your journey, but you have to enjoy the ride as much as reaching the destination.
Guest picker Ally Venable
Blues rocker Ally Venable joins PGās editors to imagine what their dream late-night band would sound like.
Question: Whatās your dream late-night show band?
Ally Venable - Guest Picker
By FifthLegend from Eagan, Minnesota, United States of America - Thundercat, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=70617212
A: For my late-night show's house band, Iāve assembled a dream team. This ensemble inspires me with their unparalleled musical talents and diverse backgrounds. Chris Laytonās drumming is unmatched and he will provide a solid foundation. Iāll have Jon Batiste on keys. His creativity and energy is boundless. Eric Gales would be on guitar. I love how emotive his music is, and I strive for that type of connection within my playing as well. Finally, Iād have Thundercat on bass. His playing is infused with jazz and funk sensibilities that would tie the whole sound together in an interesting way.
Obsession: My current obsession is shifting my approach to playingāfocusing on connection over applause. Instead of chasing technical perfection or crowd reactions, Iām leaning into the emotional and spiritual side of music. Itās about creating moments that resonate deeply, whether itās with myself, my bandmates, or the audience.
David Saenger - Reader of the Month
A: I love the idea of supergroups and how each of the players would interact. On guitars I would have Nuno Bettencourt (Extreme) and Isaiah Sharkey. My drum and bass combo would be Stewart Copeland (The Police) and Mohini Dey. On keys and sax, I would have Herbie Hancock and Joshua Redman. My male and female vocalists would be Corey Glover (Living Colour) and Liv Warfield (Prince). All of these players are fantastic improvisers and really know how to put on an entertaining show in any genre.
Bassist Victor Wooten
Obsession: My current obsession has been bass. My 12-year-old daughter started playing electric and upright bass about two years ago, and itās been a blast working with her. Iāve been really focusing on having a solid pocket, and itās forced me to get better at reading bass clef. Iām taking her to see Victor Wooten next week. Canāt wait!
Jason Shadrick - Managing Editor
Jason Shadrick on the SNL stage.
A: The natural move would be to go for a high-energy party band decked out with multiple keyboards, horns, and vocalists. Iād go a different route. Iād go for a more rootsy vibe with Blake Mills leading a band consisting of Jay Bellerose on drums, esperanza spalding on bass, Bob Reynolds on saxophones, and a rotating guest each week. They could cover lo-fi Americana, funky open-tuned blues, and so much more.
Obsession: This month is slightly less obsession and more reflection as this will be my last issue as Managing Editor for PG. Over the last 15 years Iāve worked on 182 issues, which is kinda mind-boggling. Iāve been lucky enough to do some incredible things during my time at PG, including walking through the host door at SNL and spending a few minutes with Brian May. Never could have imagined it. I am very grateful.
Nick Millevoi - Senior Editor
A: Iāve long said that joining one of the late night bands would probably be my absolute top dream gig. So, if I were choosing my own late-night band, from any era, I would go no further than getting a chance to sit with Paul Schaffer and the Worldās Most Dangerous Band or G.E. Smith-era Saturday Night Live Band.
Obsession: The late guitarist Jef Lee Johnson, who spent time in Schafferās band, had a heavy resume that included stars of all genres from Billy Joel to the Roots to McCoy Tyner. I got to see him play some low-key gigs around Philly, and each rearranged my molecules. Itās only now, years after his 2013 death, that Iāve become obsessed with his discography. Though much of his work was as a high-level sideman, his albums show the broad range of this masterful guitarist, whose tone, feel, and phrasing conveyed the instrumentās deepest emotional capabilities.
Detail of Tedās 1997 National resonator tricone.
What instruments should you bring to an acoustic performance? These days, with sonic innovations and the shifting definition of just what an acoustic performance is, anything goes.
I believe it was Shakespeare who wrote: āTo unplug, or not to unplug, that is the question. Whether ātis nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of acoustic purists, or to take thy electric guitar in hand to navigate the sea of solo performing.ā
Four-hundred-and-twenty-four years later, many of us still sometimes face the dilemma of good William when it comes to playing solo gigs. In a stripped-down setting, where itās just us and our songs, do we opt to play an acoustic instrument, which might seem more fittingāor at least more common, in the folksinger/troubadour traditionāor do we bring a comfy electric for accompaniment?
For me, and likely many of you, it depends. If Iām playing one or two songs in a coffeehouse-like atmosphere, Iām likely to bring an acoustic. But if Iām doing a quick solo pop up, say, as a buffer between bands in a rock room, Iām bringing my electric. And when Iām doing a solo concert, where Iāll be stretching out for at least an hour, itās a hybrid rig. Iāll bring my battered old Guild D25C, a National tricone resonator, and my faithful Zuzu electric with coil-splitting, and likely my gig pedalboard, or at least a digital delay. And each guitar is in a different tuning. Be prepared, as the Boy Scouts motto states. (For the record, I never made it past Webelos.)
My point is, the definition of the āacousticā or ācoffeehouseā performance has changed. Sure, there are still a few Alan Lomax types out there who will complain that an electric guitar or band is too loud, but they are the last vestiges of the folk police. And, well, acoustic guitar amplification is so good these days that Iāve been at shows where each strum of a flattop box has threatened to take my head off. My band Coyote Motel even plays Nashvilleās hallowed songwriter room the Bluebird CafĆ© as a fully electric five-piece. Whatās key, besides a smart, flexible sound engineer, is controlling volume, and with a Cali76 compressor or an MXR Duke of Tone, I can get the drive and sustain I need at a low level.
āMy point is, the definition of the āacousticā or ācoffeehouseā performance has changed.ā
So, today I think the instruments that are right for āacousticā gigs are whatever makes you happiest. Left to my own devices, I like my Guild for songs that have a strong basis in folk or country writing, my National for blues and slide, and my electric for whenever I feel like adding a little sonic sauce or showing off a bit, since I have a fluid fingerpicking hand that can add some flash to accompaniment and solos. Itās really a matter of what instrument or instruments make you most comfortable because we should all be happy and comfortable onstageāwhether that stage is in an arena or theater, a club or coffeehouse, or a church basement.
At this point, with instruments like Fenderās Acoustasonic line, or piezo-equipped models from Godin, PRS, and others, and the innovative L.R. Baggs AEG-1, itās worth considering just what exactly makes a guitar acoustic. Is it sound? In which case thereās a wide-open playing field. Or is it a variation on the classic open-bodied instrument that uses a soundhole to move air? And if we arrive at the same end, do the means matter? There is excellent craftsmanship available today throughout the entire guitar spectrum, including foreign-built models, so maybe we can finally put the concerns of Shakespeare to rest and accept that āacousticā has simply come to mean ālow volume.ā
Another reason Iām thinking out loud about this is because this is our annual acoustic issue. And so weāre featuring Jason Isbell, on the heels of his solo acoustic album, a piece on how acoustic guitars do their work authored by none other than Lloyd Baggs, and Andy Fairweather Low, whose new solo albumāand illustrious careerāincludes exceptional acoustic performances. If youāre not familiar with his work, and you are, even if you donāt know it, he was the gent sitting next to Clapton for the historic 1992 Unplugged concertāand lots more. There are also reviews of new instruments from Taylor, Martin, and Godin that fit the classic acoustic profile, so dig in, and to heck with the slings and arrows!Ernie Ball, the worldās leading manufacturer of premium guitar strings and accessories, proudly announces the launch of the all-new Earthwood Bell Bronze acoustic guitar strings. Developed in close collaboration with Grammy Award-winning guitarist JohnMayer, Bell Bronze strings are engineered to meet Mayerās exacting performance standards, offering players a bold new voice for their acoustic guitars.Crafted using a proprietary alloy inspired by the metals traditionally found in bells and cymbals, Earthwood Bell Bronze strings deliver a uniquely rich, full-bodied tone with enhanced clarity, harmonic content, and projectionāmaking them the most sonically complex acoustic strings in the Ernie Ball lineup to date.
āEarthwood Bell Bronze strings are a giant leap forward in tone, playability, and durability. Theyāre great in any musical setting but really shine when played solo. Thereās an orchestral quality to them.ā -John Mayer
Product Features:
- Developed in collaboration with John Mayer
- Big, bold sound
- Inspired by alloys used for bells and cymbals
- Increased resonance with improved projection and sustain
- Patent-pending alloy unique to Ernie Ball stringsHow is Bell Bronze different?
- Richer and fuller sound than 80/20 and Phosphor Bronze without sounding dark
- Similar top end to 80/20 Bronze with richer low end than Phosphor Bronze
The Irish post-punk bandās three guitarists go for Fairlane, Fenders, and a fake on their spring American tour.
We caught up with guitarists Carlos OāConnell and Conor Curley from red-hot Dublin indie rock outfit Fontaines D.C. for a Rig Rundown in 2023, but we felt bad missing bassist Conor āDeegoā Deegan III, so weāve been waiting for the lads to make their way back.
This time, riding the success of their fourth LP, 2024ās Romance, we caught up with all three of them at Nashvilleās Marathon Music Works ahead of their April 30 gig to see what they brought across the pond.
Brought to you by DāAddario
Allās Fairlane
Curleyās go-to is this Fairlane Zephyr, loaded with Montyās P-90s and a Mastery bridge. It mostly stays in standard tuning and, like his other axes, has Ernie Ball Burly Slinky strings.
Blue Boy
Fender sent Curley this Jazzmaster a couple of years ago, and since then, heās turned to it for heavier, more driven sounds. Itās tuned to E flat, but Curley also tunes it to a unique shoegaze-y tuning for their tune āSundowner.ā
You can also catch Curley playing a Fender Johnny Marr Jaguar.
Twin Win
Fender Twin Reverbs are where Conor Curley feels most comfortable, so theyāre his go-to backline. The amps are EQād fairly flat to operate as pedal platforms.
Conor Curleyās Pedalboard
Curleyās pedalboard for this tour includes a TC Electronic PolyTune3 Noir, Strymon Timeline, Boss RV-6, Boss PN-2, Boss BF-3, Keeley Loomer, Death by Audio Echo Dream, Fairfield Circuitry Hors d'Ouevre?, Strymon Sunset, Strymon Deco, DigiTech Hardwire RV-7, Electro-Harmonix Nano POG, and Lehle Little Dual.
Fake Out
Connor Deegan didnāt own a bass when Fontaines D.C. began, and his first purchase was the black Fender Jazz bass (right)āor so he thought. He later discovered it was a total knock-off, with a China-made body, Mexico-made neck, and a serial number that belongs to a Jaguar. But he fell in love with it, and its soundānasal on the high strings, with cheap high-output pickupsāis all over the bandās first record, Dogrel. Deego plays with orange Dunlop .60 mm picks, and uses Rotosound Swing Bass 66 strings.
Deegan picked up the Squier Bass VI (left) for its āsurfy vibes,ā and upgraded the pickups and bridge.
Also in his arsenal is this 1972 Fender P-bass (middle). (Heās a bit nervous to check the serial number.)
V-4 You Go
Deego plays through an Ampeg V-4B head into a Fender 6x10 cabinet.
Conor Deeganās Pedalboard
Deeganās board includes a Boss TU-3, Electro-Harmonix Hum Debugger, Boss TR-2, modded Ibanez Analog Delay, Death by Audio Reverberation Machine, Boss CE-2w, Tech 21 SansAmp Bass Driver DI, Darkglass Electronics Alpha Omega Ultra, and Dunlop Volume (X) Mini pedal. A GigRig QuarterMaster helps him switch sounds.
Mustang Muscle
Carlos OāConnell favors this 1964 Fender Mustang, which has been upgraded with a Seymour Duncan Hot Rails pickup since Romance. Itās set up so that the single-coil pickup is always on, and heāll add in the Hot Rails signal for particular moments.
Ghost of Gallagher
After getting to play a number of Rory Gallagherās guitars thanks to a private invitation from the guitaristās estate, OāConnell picked up this Fender Custom Shop Rory Gallagher Signature Stratocaster. The jangly, direct tone of this one is all over tunes like āBoys in the Better Land.ā
More Fender Friends
OāConnell runs his guitars, including a vintage Martin acoustic which he picked up in Nashville, through a Fender Twin Reverb and Deluxe Reverb.
Carlos OāConnellās Pedalboard
The gem of OāConnellās board is this Soundgas 636p, an imitation of the infamous Grampian 636 mic preampās breakup. Alongside it are a TC Electronic PolyTune, Ceriatone Centura, Strymon Volante, Eventide H9, Orchid Electronics Audio 1:1 Isolator, Vein-Tap Murder One, MXR Micro Amp, Moog MF Flange, MXR Smart Gate, and Freqscene Koldwave Analog Chorus. A Radial BigShot ABY navigates between the Twin and Deluxe Reverb.