What is it about Northern California that compels people to make really good amps? Within a hundred miles of San Francisco you have Mesa Boogie, Brown Note, Budda and
What is it about Northern California that compels people to make really good amps? Within a hundred miles of San Francisco you have Mesa Boogie, Brown Note, Budda and K&M Analog Designs, better known as Two-Rock. Sure, the San Francisco scene isn’t what it used to be, but I think the unique vibe of the place makes you just want to be part of it.
Starting with just $600 worth of seed money and a love of high-end audio equipment, Joe Mloganoski and Bill Krinard put together their first amps in 1999 in Bill’s (Petaluma, near Two-Rock) and Joe’s (Point Reyes Station) garages. Bill had already been working as a guitar and amp tech at Cotati’s Zone Audio, a stone’s throw from Prairie Sun Recording, and Joe had a background in consumer electronics repair before forming K&M Analog Designs. Both men shared a love of classic, hand-wired, point-to-point tube amps. As there have been many comparisons between Two-Rock amps and some of Alexander Dumble’s creations, Joe is quick to point out that Two-Rock amps evolved from the knowledge obtained from “all things tube,” and are the continued evolution of the art.
"The Classic Type 2 has a sound that''s uniquely its own, and like a world-class chocolate it teases you and makes you thinkg you''ve experienced it before...It''s elusive, seductive, haunting and somthing you just can''t grasp."
The 50-watt version of the Two-Rock Classic Type 2 is an attractive head with nine “chicken head” controls and seven mini-toggles that enable the user to sculpt their sound in almost any way imaginable. Most of the controls are dedicated to allowing the user to adjust varying degrees of gain, sensitivity, equalization, and making allowances for humbuckers, single-coils, room acoustics and speaker cabinet variations. There is a detailed, nine page instruction manual which directs the user on how to adjust the internal tone stack board, fuse recommendations for domestic and international applications, the externally adjustable negative feedback circuit and other recondite tone shaping arcana.
Flipping the amp around exposes even more options for the user. These options include a power selector that will lower the 50-watt models to 30 and 100-watt models down to 70, a feedback selector for altering the amount of negative feedback in the power amp section, and both lead contour and lead gain trim options. In short, you may want to take a while to familiarize yourself with these functions and you may want to keep a diary of your favorite settings. The amp itself is powered by three 12AX7s and two 6L6GC output tubes.
Joe and Bill also sent along a version of their soon to be released ELI1 external buffered effects loop. According to Joe, the ELI1 will be available soon, but, “Not everyone who buys our amps wants or needs an effects loop. Having an external buffer optimizes signal integrity simply because it isn’t in the signal path unless you need it.” Joe says the ELI1 will be a stand-alone unit and its projected price is $2100 ($1895 street).
Treat Me Lowdown
For test purposes I used a Mesa Boogie 1x12 WideBody with a stock Eminence speaker. I also called into service my standard test guitar, a late-nineties dual Duncan SH-1 ’59-equipped Guild Bluesbird, plus a Michael Dolan Strat and two other guitars that have historically had noise problems with high-gain amps – the first being a dual Stephens Design P-90-fitted ash body Tele variation and the second being a late-fifties Danelectro U1. Lastly, I set all of the EQ knobs at noon and kept all of the additional tone switches in the “off” positions.
The Guild delivered a gutsy humbucker crunch with a delicious, warm glow surrounding each note. I’ve played several other heads through this cabinet and no other head I’ve played has made this cab sound this good. There wasn’t any of the harshness usually associated with this particular speaker – just clean, articulate highs, fully pronounced mids and a fat, well supported bass.
Historically, tremolo-equipped, Stratstyled guitars are not known for their sustain, but patched through the Classic Type 2, the Dolan-caster really sang out. The Two- Rock had a nice compression that added a lot of sustain but avoided overly squashing the signal. Playing the guitar past the octave notes didn’t become shrill or glassy and first position chords still had plenty of note-to-note separation. Switching to the amp’s “clean” mode was reminiscent of an extremely good, non-reverb-equipped blackface Fender; warm, fat, wonderful and with a lot a depth.
The final tests were with the historically noisy P-90-outfitted, ash bodied Tele thing and the Danelectro U1. While neither guitar was as quiet as the Guild, any additional hiss added by their non-potted pickups was absolutely minimal – a true testament to Bill and Joe’s build quality. Overall, the amp’s distortion was sophisticated, detailed and favored players who use a lot of dynamics and finger playing.
THE Question
Now to answer the question that is on every one’s mind – does it sound like a Dumble? Yes and no. Given that Alexander Dumble didn’t make any production models and used relatively stock parts then modified them as needed, this is a lot like asking, “Does a Crocker ride like a Harley-Davidson?” Al Crocker was a friend of Paul Bigsby and did what Alexander Dumble did with amps – only with motorcycles. Crocker used Harley- Davidson engines and whatever else he could find; his are now considered some of the most collectable bikes ever made, but they ain’t Harleys.
Ok, I’ve hemmed and hawed long enough. Plugging straight into the Classic Type 2, it was amazing how rich and detailed the tone was, but comparisons to any of Dumble’s creations are inaccurate. The Classic Type 2 has a sound that’s uniquely its own, and like a world-class chocolate it teases you and makes you think you’ve experienced it before. There are hints of memories. Flavors you think that are there but are not. It’s elusive, seductive, haunting and something you just can’t grasp.
But in order to achieve a more “Dumblelike” flavor I ran an Xotic AC Booster through the external buffered effects loop; with a little adjustment of the EQ and the Gain knobs I was right in the pocket. I’ll admit I felt a little guilty running the AC Booster because the Type 2 sounded so good on its own. Joe points out that the ELI1 unit was set up to rectify the differences between the amp and effects’ impedance. While that may be so, it also gives the user further adjustments and lowers any effect’s noise.
Some people who absolutely must have a reverb unit may be slightly put off by its absence, but given the richness of the Classic Type 2’s voice, I don’t think it’s really needed. Just to be thorough, however, I did run a BOSS DD-6 both direct and through the effects loop and got good results both ways. Also available is the Two-Rock Classic Reverb, available in both 50 and 100-watt versions.
Although I did experience a blown fuse with the Classic Type 2, Joe speculated that was due to a shorted output tube. Their commitment to customer satisfaction was evident when they offered to send me a full complement of tubes and fuses without charge and were even willing to cross-ship a new head to make sure I was happy. It’s apparent that one of the things that separates them from some guy who downloaded a Dumble schematic from the net is that they are an actual company with five employees, versus a guy with a soldering gun and a kitchen table.
Let us not mince words – $5500 is a lot of money for a head. If you want to purchase Two-Rock’s ELI1 external buffered effects loop that will add almost two more grand to your bill. But is there a “bargain” alternative? Not hardly. Given the platform that the Classic Type 2 is based on, the Type 2 is the bargain alternative.
The Final Mojo
The Two-Rock Classic Type 2 is an astonishing feat. Its rich, fat, detailed, nuanced tone should appeal to players who demand an amp that responds instantly to their input. Make no mistake: this is a studio quality amp that is designed for real world applications.
Buy if...
you want to own the ultimate in fast reacting, touch sensitive tone sculpting
Skip if...
you have already bought tickets to Metalfest 2009
Rating...
MSRP $5500 - K&M Analog Design - two-rock.com |
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Intermediate
Intermediate
• Learn classic turnarounds.
• Add depth and interest to common progressions.
• Stretch out harmonically with hip substitutions.
Get back to center in musical and ear-catching ways.
A turnaround chord progression has one mission: It allows the music to continue seamlessly back to the beginning of the form while reinforcing the key center in a musically interesting way. Consider the last four measures of a 12-bar blues in F, where the bare-bones harmony would be C7-Bb7-F7-F7 (one chord per measure). With no turn around in the last two measures, you would go back to the top of the form, landing on another F7. That’s a lot of F7, both at the end of the form, and then again in the first four bars of the blues. Without a turnaround, you run the risk of obscuring the form of the song. It would be like writing a novel without using paragraphs or punctuation.
The most common turnaround is the I-VI-ii-V chord progression, which can be applied to the end of the blues and is frequently used when playing jazz standards. Our first four turnarounds are based on this chord progression. Furthermore, by using substitutions and chord quality changes, you get more mileage out of the I-VI-ii-V without changing the basic functionality of the turnaround itself. The second group of four turnarounds features unique progressions that have been borrowed from songs or were created from a theoretical idea.
In each example, I added extensions and alterations to each chord and stayed away from the pure R-3-5-7 voicings. This will give each chord sequence more color and interesting voice leading. Each turnaround has a companion solo line that reflects the sound of the changes. Shell voicings (root, 3rd, 7th) are played underneath so that the line carries the sound of the written chord changes, making it easier to hear the sound of the extensions and alterations. All examples are in the key of C. Let’s hit it.
The first turnaround is the tried and true I-VI-ii-V progression, played as Cmaj7-A7-Dm7-G7. Ex. 1 begins with C6/9, to A7(#5), to Dm9, to G7(#5), and resolves to Cmaj7(#11). By using these extensions and alterations, I get a smoother, mostly chromatic melodic line at the top of the chord progression.
Ex. 2 shows one possible line that you can create. As for scale choices, I used C major pentatonic over C6/9, A whole tone for A7(#5), D Dorian for Dm9, G whole tone for G7(#5), and C Lydian for Cmaj7(#11) to get a more modern sound.
The next turnaround is the iii-VI-ii-V progression, played as Em7-A7-Dm7-G7 where the Em7 is substituted for Cmaj7. The more elaborate version in Ex. 3 shows Em9 to A7(#9)/C#, to Dm6/9, to G9/B, resolving to Cmaj7(add6). A common way to substitute chords is to use the diatonic chord that is a 3rd above the written chord. So, to sub out the I chord (Cmaj7) you would use the iii chord (Em7). By spelling Cmaj7 = C-E-G-B and Em7 = E-G-B-D, you can see that these two chords have three notes in common, and will sound similar over the fundamental bass note, C. The dominant 7ths are in first inversion, but serve the same function while having a more interesting bass line.
The line in Ex. 4 uses E Dorian over Em9, A half-whole diminished over A7(#9)/C#, D Dorian over Dm6/9, G Mixolydian over G9/B, and C major pentatonic over Cmaj7(add6). The chord qualities we deal with most are major 7, dominant 7, and minor 7. A quality change is just that… changing the quality of the written chord to another one. You could take a major 7 and change it to a dominant 7, or even a minor 7. Hence the III-VI-II-V turnaround, where the III and the VI have both been changed to a dominant 7, and the basic changes would be E7-A7-D7-G7.
See Ex. 5, where E7(b9) moves to A7(#11), to D7(#9) to G7(#5) to Cmaj9. My scale choices for the line in Ex. 6 are E half-whole diminished over E7(#9), A Lydian Dominant for A7(#11), D half-whole diminished for D7(#9), G whole tone for G7(#5), and C Ionian for Cmaj9.
Ex. 7 is last example in the I-VI-ii-V category. Here, the VI and V are replaced with their tritone substitutes. Specifically, A7 is replaced with Eb7, and G7 is replaced with Db7, and the basic progression becomes Cmaj7-Eb7-Dm7-Db7. Instead of altering the tritone subs, I used a suspended 4th sound that helped to achieve a diatonic, step-wise melody in the top voice of the chord progression.
The usual scales can be found an Ex. 8, where are use a C major pentatonic over C6/9, Eb Mixolydian over Eb7sus4, D Dorian over Dm11, Db Mixolydian over Db7sus4, and once again, C Lydian over Cmaj7(#11). You might notice that the shapes created by the two Mixolydian modes look eerily similar to minor pentatonic shapes. That is by design, since a Bb minor pentatonic contains the notes of an Eb7sus4 chord. Similarly, you would use an Ab minor pentatonic for Db7sus4.
The next four turnarounds are not based on the I-VI-ii-V chord progression, but have been adapted from other songs or theoretical ideas. Ex. 9 is called the “Backdoor” turnaround, and uses a iv-bVII-I chord progression, played as Fm7-Bb7-Cmaj7. In order to keep the two-bar phrase intact, a full measure of C precedes the actual turnaround. I was able to compose a descending whole-step melodic line in the top voice by using Cmaj13 and Cadd9/E in the first bar, Fm6 and Ab/Bb in the second bar, and then resolving to G/C. The slash chords have a more open sound, and are being used as substitutes for the original changes. They have the same function, and they share notes with their full 7th chord counterparts.
Creating the line in Ex. 10 is no more complicated than the other examples since the function of the chords determines which mode or scale to use. The first measure employs the C Ionian mode over the two Cmaj chord sounds. F Dorian is used over Fm6 in bar two. Since Ab/Bb is a substitute for Bb7, I used Bb Mixolydian. In the last measure, C Ionian is used over the top of G/C.
The progression in Ex. 11 is the called the “Lady Bird” turnaround because it is lifted verbatim from the Tadd Dameron song of the same name. It is a I-bIII-bVI-bII chord progression usually played as Cmaj7-Eb7-Abmaj7-Db7. Depending on the recording or the book that you check out, there are slight variations in the last chord but Db7 seems to be the most used. Dressing up this progression, I started with a different G/C voicing, to Eb9(#11), to Eb/Ab (subbing for Abmaj7), to Db9(#11), resolving to C(add#11). In this example, the slash chords are functioning as major seventh chords.
As a result, my scale choices for the line in Ex. 12 are C Ionian over G/C, Eb Lydian Dominant over Eb9(#11), Ab Ionian over Eb/Ab, Db Lydian Dominant over Db9(#11), and C Lydian over C(add#11).
The progression in Ex. 13 is called an “equal interval” turnaround, where the interval between the chords is the same in each measure. Here, the interval is a descending major 3rd that creates a I-bVI-IV-bII sequence, played as Cmaj7-Abmaj7-Fmaj7-Dbmaj7, and will resolve a half-step down to Cmaj7 at the top of the form. Since the interval structure and chord type is the same in both measures, it’s easy to plane sets of voicings up or down the neck. I chose to plane up the neck by using G/C to Abmaj13, then C/F to Dbmaj13, resolving on Cmaj7/E.
The line in Ex. 14 was composed by using the notes of the triad for the slash chord and the Lydian mode for the maj13 chords. For G/C, the notes of the G triad (G-B-D) were used to get an angular line that moves to Ab Lydian over Abmaj13. In the next measure, C/F is represented by the notes of the C triad (C-E-G) along with the root note, F. Db Lydian was used over Dbmaj13, finally resolving to C Ionian over Cmaj7/E. Since this chord progression is not considered “functional” and all the chord sounds are essentially the same, you could use Lydian over each chord as a way to tie the sound of the line together. So, use C Lydian, Ab Lydian, F Lydian, Db Lydian, resolving back to C Lydian.
The last example is the “Radiohead” turnaround since it is based off the chord progression from their song “Creep.” This would be a I-III-IV-iv progression, and played Cmaj7-E7-Fmaj7-Fm7. Dressing this one up, I use a couple of voicings that had an hourglass shape, where close intervals were in the middle of the stack.
In Ex. 15 C6/9 moves to E7(#5), then to Fmaj13, to Fm6 and resolving to G/C. Another potential name for the Fmaj13 would be Fmaj7(add6) since the note D is within the first octave. This chord would function the same way, regardless of which name you used.
Soloing over this progression in Ex. 16, I used the C major pentatonic over C6/9, E whole tone over E7(#5), F Lydian over Fmaj13, and F Dorian over Fm6. Again, for G/C, the notes of the G triad were used with the note E, the 3rd of a Cmaj7 chord.
The main thing to remember about the I-VI-ii-V turnaround is that it is very adaptable. If you learn how to use extensions and alterations, chord substitutions, and quality changes, you can create some fairly unique chord progressions. It may seem like there are many different turnarounds, but they’re really just an adaptation of the basic I-VI-ii-V progression.
Regarding other types of turnarounds, see if you can steal a short chord progression from a pop tune and make it work. Or, experiment with other types of intervals that would move the chord changes further apart, or even closer together. Could you create a turnaround that uses all minor seventh chords? There are plenty of crazy ideas out there to work with, and if it sounds good to you, use it!
Many listeners and musicians can tell if a bass player is really a guitarist in disguise. Here’s how you can brush up on your bass chops.
Was bass your first instrument, or did you start out on guitar? Some of the world’s best bass players started off as guitar players, sometimes by chance. When Stuart Sutcliffe—originally a guitarist himself—left the Beatles in 1961, bass duties fell to rhythm guitarist Paul McCartney, who fully adopted the role and soon became one of the undeniable bass greats.
Since there are so many more guitarists than bassists—think of it as a supply and demand issue—odds are that if you’re a guitarist, you’ve at least dabbled in bass or have picked up the instrument to fill in or facilitate a home recording.
But there’s a difference between a guitarist who plays bass and one who becomes a bass player. Part of what’s different is how you approach the music, but part of it is attitude.
Many listeners and musicians can tell if a bass player is really a guitarist in disguise. They simply play differently than someone who spends most of their musical time embodying the low end. But if you’re really trying to put down some bass, you don’t want to sound like a bass tourist. Real bassists think differently about the rhythm, the groove, and the harmony happening in each moment.
And who knows … if you, as a guitarist, thoroughly adopt the bassist mindset, you might just find your true calling on the mightiest of instruments. Now, I’m not exactly recruiting, but if you have the interest, the aptitude, and—perhaps most of all—the necessity, here are some ways you can be less like a guitarist who plays bass, and more like a bona fide bass player.
Start by playing fewer notes. Yes, everybody can see that you’ve practiced your scales. But at least until you get locked in rhythmically, use your ears more than your fingers and get a sense of how your bass parts mesh with the other musical elements. You are the glue that holds everything together. Recognize that you’re at the intersection of rhythm and harmony, and you’ll realize foundation beats flash every time.“If Larry Graham, one of the baddest bassists there has ever been, could stick to the same note throughout Sly & the Family Stone’s ‘Everyday People,’ then you too can deliver a repetitive figure when it’s called for.”
Focus on that kick drum. Make sure you’re locked in with the drummer. That doesn’t mean you have to play a note with every kick, but there should be some synchronicity. You and the drummer should be working together to create the rhythmic drive. Laying down a solid bass line is no time for expressive rubato phrasing. Lock it up—and have fun with it.
Don’t sleep on the snare. What does it feel like to leave a perfect hole for the snare drum’s hits on two and four? What if you just leave space for half of them? Try locking the ends of your notes to the snare’s backbeat. This is just one of the ways to create a rhythmic feel together with the drummer, so you produce a pocket that everyone else can groove to.
Relish your newfound harmonic power. Move that major chord root down a third, and now you have a minor 7 chord. Play the fifth under a IV chord and you have a IV/V (“four over five,” which fancy folks sometimes call an 11 chord). The point is to realize that the bottom note defines the harmony. Sting put it like this: “It’s not a C chord until I play a C. You can change harmony very subtly but very effectively as a bass player. That’s one of the great privileges of our role and why I love playing bass. I enjoy the sound of it, I enjoy its harmonic power, and it’s a sort of subtle heroism.”
Embrace the ostinato. If the song calls for playing the same motif over and over, don’t think of it as boring. Think of it as hypnotic, tension-building, relentless, and an exercise in restraint. Countless James Brown songs bear this out, but my current favorite example is the bass line on the Pointer Sisters’ swampy cover of Allen Toussaint “Yes We Can Can,” which was played by Richard Greene of the Hoodoo Rhythm Devils, aka Dexter C. Plates. Think about it: If Larry Graham, one of the baddest bassists there has ever been, could stick to the same note throughout Sly & the Family Stone’s “Everyday People,” then you too can deliver a repetitive figure when it’s called for.
Be supportive. Though you may stretch out from time to time, your main job is to support the song and your fellow musicians. Consider how you can make your bandmates sound better using your phrasing, your dynamics, and note choices. For example, you could gradually raise the energy during guitar solos. Keep that supportive mindset when you’re offstage, too. Some guitarists have an attitude of competitiveness and even scrutiny when checking out other players, but bassists tend to offer mutual support and encouragement. Share those good vibes with enthusiasm.
And finally, give and take criticism with ease. This one’s for all musicians: Humility and a sense of helpfulness can go a long way. Ideally, everyone should be working toward the common goal of what’s good for the song. As the bass player, you might find yourself leading the way.Fuchs Audio introduces the ODH Hybrid amp, featuring a True High Voltage all-tube preamp and Ice Power module for high-powered tones in a compact size. With D-Style overdrive, Spin reverb, and versatile controls, the ODH offers exceptional tone shaping and flexibility at an affordable price point.
Fuchs Audio has introduced their latest amp the ODH © Hybrid. Assembled in USA.
Featuring an ODS-style all-tube preamp, operating at True High Voltage into a fan-cooled Ice power module, the ODH brings high-powered clean and overdrive tones to an extremely compact size and a truly affordable price point.
Like the Fuchs ODS amps, the ODH clean preamp features 3-position brite switch, amid-boost switch, an EQ switch, high, mid and low controls. The clean preamp drives theoverdrive section in D-Style fashion. The OD channel has an input gain and outputmaster with an overdrive tone control. This ensures perfect tuning of both the clean andoverdrive channels. A unique tube limiter circuit controls the Ice Power module input.Any signal clipping is (intentionally) non-linear so it responds just like a real tube amp.
The ODH includes a two-way footswitch for channels and gain boost. A 30-second mute timer ensures the tubes are warmed up before the power amp goes live. The ODH features our lush and warm Spin reverb. A subsonic filter eliminates out-of-band low frequencies which would normally waste amplifier power, which assures tons of clean headroom. The amp also features Accent and Depth controls, allowing contouring of the high and low response of the power amp section, to match speakers, cabinets andenvironments. The ODH features a front panel fully buffered series effects loop and aline out jack, allowing for home recording or feeding a slave amp. A three-position muteswitch mutes the amp, the line out or mute neither.
Built on the same solid steel chassis platform as the Fuchs FB series bass amps, the amps feature a steel chassis and aluminum front and rear panels, Alpha potentiometers, ceramic tube sockets, high-grade circuit boards and Neutrik jacks. The ICE power amp is 150 watts into 8 ohms and 300 watts into 4 ohms, and nearly 500 watts into 2.65 ohms (4 and8 ohms in parallel) and operates on universal AC voltage, so it’s fully globallycompatible. The chassis is fan-cooled to ensure hours of cool operation under any circumstances. The all-tube preamp uses dual-selected 12AX7 tubes and a 6AL5 limiter tube.
MAP: $ 1,299
For more information, please visit fuchsaudiotechnology.com.