The king of the intro hook helped author the 6-string sound of Memphis soul with his classic licks, and crystallized country guitar in the ’70s and ’80s, with his trusty ’57 Strat, ’69 Tele, and Gibson ES-335.
The world lost one of the greatest session guitarists who ever lived, on Thursday, January 17: Reggie Young. Although he didn’t record an album of his own until age 80, by that time Young had been helping other artists, from Elvis Presley to Bing Crosby to Willie Nelson to Martina McBride, make records for more than half a century. Young died at his home outside of Nashville. He had suffered through surgeries in recent years and never fully recovered, and is survived by his wife, Jenny, who he met while they were both in Waylon Jennings’ touring band in 1999. Young was 82.
Reggie Young, Jr. was born in 1936 in Osceola, Arkansas. When he was 13, his family moved to Memphis. His first guitar was a National flattop that he fitted with a DeArmond pickup and ran through a Rickenbacker amp. He was soon learning the licks of Chet Atkins and fellow Memphis resident B.B King.
As a teenager, his band Eddie Bond & the Stompers had a regional hit and found themselves touring with Elvis, where Young met Presley bassist Bill Black. Black started him on his studio career and employed him in his own Bill Black’s Combo, which led to Young playing on his first national hit, the Combo’s “Smokie Part 2.” Young’s unique sound on that record was created by tuning his Gibson ES-335 down two whole-steps and tapping on the strings with a pencil.
Drafted right after the song hit the charts, the guitarist spent most of his military tour in Ethiopia, where he played a newly acquired Fender Duo-Sonic at the enlisted men’s club. Back in Memphis, Young began working at Hi Records’ Royal Studios, and again with Bill Black’s Combo. Though mostly a studio band, they made an exception to tour with the Beatles in 1964. After the first concert, George Harrison began questioning Young about gear. He told the Beatle he played through a Standel amp, and schooled Harrison on the use of an unwound third string for easier bending. The Combo also toured Europe, where Young met young Eric Clapton.
Back at Royal Studios, Young was dissatisfied with the meager pay, so when former Stax producer Chips Moman asked him to start doing sessions at his new American Sound Studio, the guitarist was happy to jump ship. There, they put together the legendary band of Tommy Cogbill, Gene Chrisman, and Bobby Emmons. The Memphis Boys, as they would come to be known, went on to record a perhaps-unparalleled string of hit records, including Elvis Presley’s “Suspicious Minds” and “In the Ghetto” (recorded with Young’s 1967 Garcia nylon acoustic), Neil Diamond’s “Sweet Caroline,” Merrilee Rush’s “Angel of the Morning,” and Dusty Springfield’s classic Dusty in Memphis—to name but a few. Young’s iconic riff for the intro to Springfield’s “Son of a Preacher Man” was only one of many signature licks he would provide over the years to lift already great songs into the stratosphere. The Memphis Boys created the sound of the Box Tops’ hits “The Letter” and “Cry Like a Baby”—the latter showcasing Young’s first work with the electric sitar. It was at American Studios that Young met Clarence Nelson and Bobby Womack, two guitarists who would greatly influence his style.
After five years, Chips Moman moved his operation to Atlanta, Georgia. Unhappy there, Young headed back to Memphis, fatefully stopping off in Nashville. He ran into pianist David Briggs and bassist Norbert Putnam, musicians he had met doing sessions in Muscle Shoals in 1963, and who had a Nashville studio called Quadrafonic Sound. Young began working with them. He commuted back and forth from Memphis to Nashville for a while, but by the early ’70s was firmly settled in Music City. Around 1973, Putnam and Briggs used him on a session for Dobie Gray, where Young laid down the legendary guitar intro to “Drift Away.” When the song became a hit, country acts started requesting the guitarist who played the unforgettable parts on that record. Another classic identifying lick was his harmonized whole-tone intro to Billy Swann’s 1974 hit “I Can Help.” It wasn’t long before the transplant was earning double-scale and working three sessions a day.
Young was soon called to play for country legends like Waylon Jennings, Merle Haggard, George Jones, and Willie Nelson. His soloing on Haggard’s “I Think I’ll Just Stay Here and Drink,” played on his 1957 Stratocaster, is a textbook for would-be country guitarists. He cut records with artists who would currently be labeled Americana, like J.J. Cale and Tony Joe White, and in the ’80s added a new generation of country legends to his list: George Strait, Reba McEntire, John Anderson, Travis Tritt, Clint Black, and Hank Williams, Jr.
That decade saw studio work falling off, even for a master of Young’s stature, so the guitarist returned to the road, backing Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, Waylon Jennings, and Kris Kristofferson, who were known collectively as the Highwaymen, and later he toured as a member of Waylon Jennings’ Waymore Blues Band. His studio schedule slowed further, but the guitarist still turned in stellar work into the ’90s, for Martina McBride, Boz Scaggs, and others.
The upside to this downslide was that, in 2017, the octogenarian Young finally had the time and inclination to make his first solo album, Forever Young. The recording began in Muscle Shoals, with Chad Cromwell on drums, David Hood on bass, and Clayton Ivey on keyboards, and Young added horns at his home studio in Leiper’s Fork, Tennessee. Unhappy with the guitar sound from Muscle Shoals, Young rerecorded the parts at home on his black ’69 Fender Telecaster through a ’65 Fender Deluxe Reverb amp. Forever Young’s tunes are rife with the tone, taste, and time that made him the first-call guitarist for many producers, songwriters, and artists through the decades. And fortunately, Young lived long enough to enjoy the plaudits of peers and acolytes, who welcomed this recorded distillation of his brilliance.
As long as the talent of session guitarists is required, generation after generation will study the work of Reggie Young as a how-to template. But on a larger scale, everyone—musicians and non-musicians alike—who hears “Son of a Preacher Man,” “In the Ghetto,” “Hooked on a Feeling,” and “Drift Away” will be instantly drawn into those songs through the art of Young’s intros, and he will live on in his brilliant music.
YouTube It
Re-experience the classic Memphis guitar sound that Reggie Young played a major role in developing at the American Sound and Royal studios in the Bluff City, in this tribute to the era, “Memphis Grease,” from his lone solo album, 2017’s Forever Young.
The highly respected sideman, slide man, and gear-demo star makes the transition to frontman and songwriter with his debut solo album.
Thus far in his career, 32-year-old Ariel Posen is best known to the world at large for his work as a sideman for the Bros. Landreth. But a quick YouTube search unveils just how immersed in guitar culture Posen has become, with results showing him playing all sorts of drool-worthy vintage and boutique gear in videos posted by stores such as Carter Vintage Instruments, Chicago Music Exchange, Norman's Rare Guitars, and Andertons, as well as companies like Collings, TC Electronic, and Lowden. Of course, this seeming ubiquity is the result of Posen’s reputation as a guitarist. But as much as word of Posen’s abilities may precede him, he insists that How Long, his debut release, is not a guitar album. It’s all about the big picture, he explains: “These days, I like listening to songs and the story and the total package.”
In fact, he relates that his style is the result of listening to all kinds of musicians—not merely guitarists. “If I didn’t do that, I wouldn’t have truly found out what it is that I want to be playing and how I want to be playing,” he explains.
Made at Stereobus Recording in his hometown of Winnipeg, the same studio where he would hang out while his klezmer-musician parents would record when he was growing up, How Long delivers tight, pop-rock nuggets influenced by artists such as Stevie Ray Vaughan, John Mayer, and the Beatles. The obvious attention to detail in the writing, arranging, and production proves Posen’s point that this is very much a song-forward effort. But from the melodic slide hooks on songs like “Fade” and “Things That I’ve Said” to the wide-open bluesy psychedelia in the solo of “Get You Back,” Posen’s playing maintains a strong presence throughout How Long.
Premier Guitar caught up with Posen to discuss his beginnings, the process of making How Long, how he crafted such stellar tones, and what it’s like to finally break out on his own.
Growing up, your parents were musicians and you spent a lot of time with them on the road and in the studio. Can you tell me a little about that?
My parents had a folk band, Finjan, when my brother and I were growing up. They always maintained day jobs. My mom’s a teacher and my dad’s a radio producer for the CBC (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation). They’d do a lot of gigs on weekends during the year, and during the summers they’d travel around doing festivals and we would tag along with them. When they would record, we would go with them and hang out at the studio all day watching Boy Meets World on a little square TV.
When did you start picking up the guitar yourself?
I started on piano when I was about 7 or 8. Coming from a musical family, we were highly encouraged. When I was about 8 or 9, everyone started playing guitar at school. It was [Green Day’s] Dookie, [Nirvana’s] In Utero, and Rage Against the Machine, and all these bands like that. Everyone started playing guitar, me included, and just got obsessed with it.
At that same time, the Beatles’ Anthology came out. My parents grew up with the Beatles, and to them they’re the pinnacle of music, songwriting, melody, harmonizing, and this and that, so they just kind of dumped that on us. The early Beatles stuff was easy to latch onto at 8 or 9 years old.
You didn’t plan on being a professional musician. What did you grow up thinking you would do?
I started playing gigs when I was 14. I’d do the occasional gig and actually make money doing it, whether some kind of concert or wallpaper gig for a party or corporate event. I played in a high school band with friends. I always loved it and it was a big part of me. Growing up and during high school, specifically, the other 50 percent of my life was basketball. I was so dedicated to playing. It was everything. When high school was finishing, I talked to this advisor and he said I should maybe consider going into athletic therapy.
TIDBIT: As fate would have it, Posen recorded his debut solo album at the same studio where he played while his parents made klezmer records when he was a boy: Stereobus Recording in his hometown of Winnipeg, Manitoba.
My first year of university, I slowly dropped out of every single class that I was taking. I had this moment of, “What the hell!? I should be doing what I want to be doing.” And that was playing music. I don’t care at all about athletic therapy!
My parents were totally supportive. They said, “Being a musician is not the easiest job, but if you’re driven and committed, the people who work in this industry are the ones who want to work and the ones who sit around are the ones who don’t want to do anything.”
When did you end up playing for the Bros. Landreth?
I’ve been playing music with those guys since I was 18 or 19. We’re all from Winnipeg. It’s a very tiny village of a music scene. From years and years of playing guitar on tour for artists or in the studio, we’d all be in similar concoctions of bands together. Dave [Landreth] and I were in our first proper band together. They started Bros. Landreth around 2013 or so, recorded an album, then had to part ways with the piano player, and I came in after that. We’d play as a five-piece here and there before that, but it was full-time then. We hit it hard for a couple years; then they went on hiatus. I think we did eight months in 2015 and it kind of broke everybody.
How did the material on How Long develop? Are these tunes you’d been marinating on while you were busy with other projects?
I’ve fronted bands before. I love singing, I love fronting a band and playing guitar. It’s fun and it feels good. I’ve always said I should do this.
I was spending a lot of time off in Ireland and, for fun, I booked a couple of gigs under my own name, just playing covers. It was really fun, and I hadn’t done that in a long time. I got in touch with a friend, Murray Pulver…. He’s a fantastic guitar player and a guy I’ve looked up to for years and years. We’ve done a lot of work together on the road touring, and in the studio. We got talking and I said, “I wanna have a write and see if we can come up with something.” We wrote a tune, and I liked it. Then we wrote again a couple times, compiling songs, and I wrote with a couple more people. I’d do the odd gig under my own name and have guys learn one or two songs I was working on.
After that, I got offered to do a tour with Josh Smith as a co-bill in the U.K., and he knew that I had the material. It was an amazing opportunity. I’ve done so much touring in my life, but never under my own name. Halfway through the tour, it was going well, and I thought, I need to have something to show, I need to do a record. I called up Murray and said, “Hey man, I’m gonna be home. Do you wanna produce this record?” And it all came together in a very short time.
Posen plays with a select group of pedals, but he was most surprised while cutting his album by his early version of the Kingtone miniFUZZ. “That thing just takes it into Hendrix-y kind of territory, which I hadn’t planned on,” he says.
Photo by Jon Roncolato
You recorded How Long at Stereobus Recording, which is the same studio where your parents recorded when you were growing up.
The studio used to be called Channels. A good friend, Paul Yee, who’s the engineer on the record, bought the studio and took it over and called it Stereobus. He didn’t really change much—just put his own gear in there. The walls are shaggy carpet. When we were kids, we would climb those walls. It’s this full-circle moment. Everyone I had on How Long, I’ve had about 15 years of musical experience with. Including the fact that it’s that studio, a place I grew up in … it just felt right. It felt like home.
What guitars did you use on How Long?
I used a Collings 360 LT M, and my black Strat, which is an Eric Johnson Strat that I’ve had for almost 10 years. Once I tuned it to open C, it really came alive a different way. I also have Suhr Classic S Antique that I used on the song “Try,” another Collings—a SoCo Deluxe, a Josh Williams Mockingbird, which is a 335-style, and a Teisco Del Ray. And that’s on the song “Get You Back.” Those six guitars were the main ones. They’re all in either standard tuning or open C with a capo.
Ariel Posen’s Gear
Guitars
Collings 360 LT M
Fender Eric Johnson Stratocaster
Suhr Classic S Antique
Collings SoCo Deluxe
Josh Williams Mockingbird
Teisco Del Ray
Morgan CM acoustic
Amps
Two-Rock Traditional Clean
Benson Chimera
Kay combo
Late-1960s Fender Super Reverb
Effects
Cornerstone Antique Classic Drive
Hudson Broadcast
Jackson Audio Prism
Kingtone Duellist overdrive
Kingtone miniFUZZ Si
Mythos Ariel Posen Daedalus Plus overdrive/boost
Strymon El Capistan dTape Echo
TC Electronic Hall of Fame 2
Thorpy FX Fat General Compressor
Victoria Reverberato
Strings and Picks
Stringjoy (.013–.068: Collings 360 LT M, Fender Eric Johnson Stratocaster)
Ernie Ball (.011–.054: Suhr Classic S Antique, Collings SoCo Deluxe)
Ernie Ball (.013–.056: Josh Williams Mockingbird)
Ernie Ball (.014–.064: Teisco Del Ray)
Dunlop Tortex 1.14 mm
The Rock Slide Ariel Posen Signature Slide
Paige capos
The tones throughout the record are really dialed-in. The song “Get You Back” really caught my attention. The solo really opens up and gets gnarly! What were you using on that song?
“Get You Back” was this little old Kay amp. I don’t know the model. We just had it cranked and I tried to blow it up, basically. I have a Victoria Reverberato, which is a huge harmonic tremolo and reverb head. I call mine Frank, as in Frank the Tank. Whatever amp I’m using, and specifically for that Kay, I was running Frank through it for the tremolo and the reverb, and I had a Hudson Broadcast [preamp] on the whole time, which is basically one of my favorite pedals that I use a lot.
There are a few guitar tracks on the song, but the main riff through the verses and the guitar solo, through the end, that’s one continuous track. That was all on the Teisco Del Ray, with that Broadcast hitting that Kay amp really hard, and then halfway through the solo, when things get a bit gnarlier, it’s this silicon fuzz pedal by Jesse Davey. He goes by Kingtone. Now that pedal is called the Mini Fuzz, but the one I have is just called a fuzz. That thing just takes it into Hendrix-y kind of territory, which I hadn’t planned on. That Teisco is so microphonic, feeding back like crazy and getting all these cool overtones. That was the sound.
There are three instrumental tracks on How Long, each about a minute long, and they really stand out. On the other songs, your guitar is playing mostly supportive material, but on these three tracks, it’s the focus. Where did these songs come from?
Obviously, I’m known as a guitar player, but my music and the music I write is not guitar music. It’s songs and it goes back to the Beatles. I love songs and I love story and melody and singing, and there was a lot of detail and attention put into the guitar sound and the playing and the parts—almost more than I’ve ever done.
The solos, those interludes, were basically a nod to the last couple years of slowly building a profile by playing a lot of guitar by myself on YouTube or Instagram, demoing guitars or pedals or amps. A lot of people know me from little clips of me putting the phone up and trying out ideas. I have so many instrumental song ideas. I wanted to use them as a little breath of fresh air from the songs, but it was a tip of the hat to the people who know me for that stuff, so they wouldn’t listen to the album and say, “Where’s the guitar playing, man?” There’s guitar playing and solos on every song, but just in case there’s anyone wishing there was more guitar stuff, that’s for them.
Do you have a love for guitar records, or do you have a guitar album in you? It seems like you have a good instrumental thing going.
I definitely have plenty of guitar music and instrumental music in me. I definitely have that side to me, and I probably will at some point. I’d love to do a record just like those interludes. That was my initial plan. I just trusted my gut and I can reach more people by playing songs, and I get moved more by a story and lyrics and harmony, so that’s where I naturally go. The live show is a lot more guitar-centric.
YouTube It
Posen’s slide playing helps keep the feel loose despite the tight groove on this soulful mid-tempo rocker, “Things That I’ve Said,” from How Long. Posen’s slide solo at 2:14 offers support for the melody and sets up the breakdown, and the descending chord progression puts Posen’s detail-oriented songwriting and arranging display.
With this new workhorse, adding a double dose of humbucker to the Jazz formula equals a whole lotta bass.
Clip 1: Riff with both pickups engaged, followed by neck pickup only, then bridge pickup only. Tone at 70 percent, slight bass boost.
Clip 2: Slap riff with both pickups engaged. Tone at 70 percent, slight bass boost, and treble boost at 50 percent.
RatingsPros:Superb looks, tone, and playability at a guilt-free price point. One of the best bangs for the buck on the market. Cons: Minor hardware concerns. No active/passive switch. Street: $399 Squier Contemporary Active Jazz Bass HH Review fender.com | Tones: Ease of Use: Build/Design: Value: |
Squier is a longtime maker of budget-friendly instruments for beginners, but pro players have also taken to these basses and guitars as gig-friendly alternatives to their prized vintage axes. Do a quick search on YouTube and you’ll find many who’ve modified these musical templates to suit their needs or simply celebrated them as value-heavy workhorses. It appears Squier has taken notes on user impressions of their instruments, resulting in their latest line: the Contemporary Series. This reimagining of classic bass and guitar designs gives the original formula a kick in the pants though fresh looks and modern tonal capabilities. One standout offering in the series is called the Contemporary Active Jazz Bass HH.
Black to the Future
It’s not often you see a matte finish on a bass, but the decision to dress the ash body and the matching headstock of our test model in this manner was a good move. The white pickguard and maple fretboard provide an aesthetically pleasing contrast, and the black-chrome hardware enhances the eye-catching formula. (The bass is also available in flat white with a black pickguard.)
If you’re wondering what the “HH” stands for in Squier’s latest, your wait is over: humbuckers! Supplanting the conventional single-coil pickups is a pair of SQR ceramic humbuckers for delivering punchy, modern tones devoid of 60-cycle hum. And manipulating the SQR’s magnets is a 9V preamp with treble/bass boost capabilities and a tone control.
A Squier’s Trials
When I receive a piece of gear to review, I usually always take it out for a show or two so I can examine how well it functions under typical playing conditions. Unexpectedly, the qualities of this particular bass elicited enough trust that it underwent one of the most extensive and rigorous review processes. At the time this review was written, I had used our test bass for 34 shows, five rehearsals, and one tracking session. So, how did this “economy” bass become a go-to instrument during the time I had it?
As alluded to previously, the bass looks gorgeous. Matte finishes are not usually my preference, but I was captivated by the HH’s shape-shifting style. It looked rugged on rock shows, yet sleek and sophisticated for R&B gigs. I wasn’t alone in appreciating the HH’s looks either. It received significant praise from fellow players and audience members.
The bass also earned marks for ergonomics. It balanced nicely when strapped and held its position at a comfortable playing angle. There were minor balance issues when seated, but not significant enough to impact playing technique. Placing the HH in a classical-guitar orientation made it virtually immovable, which allowed effortless traversing of the neck and fretboard.
Contemporary shaping was evident on the business end of the HH, as the slim C-shaped neck and 12" fretboard radius invited speedy shifting and a natural fretting hand position. The satin-finished neck provided a smooth surface for the thumb. My only quibble with the Squire’s neck was not so much its design, but the choice of hardware. The tuners felt a bit clunky due to turning inconsistently and varying tension, which made the process a bit cumbersome.
Tone to the Bone
Where the Contemporary HH exceled was in the tone department. Prior to venturing out with the test bass, I experimented with it at home, where the reference rig was a Bergantino B|Amp and HD112 cabinet. Keeping everything flat and the pickups balanced, the HH growled like a Jazz-style bass, but with a wider sonic spectrum. The lows were thicker and punchier, and the highs had extra presence and transients. Soloing the bridge humbucker produced pronounced mid-forward barks, while engaging the neck pickup on its own brought clang and growl with near P-style familiarity. The tone knob helped focus these tones by adding or tempering highs to taste. And while I preferred the Contemporary HH’s tone without any EQ enhancement, the bass and treble boost were helpful when extra booty or bite were required. Boosting both gave thumb-muted bass lines extra punch and clarity, and slaps and pops had the perfect timbre for Marcus Miller disciples.
There isn’t enough room in this review to go into detail about performance experiences with the Contemporary HH, but I can say there were quite a few takeaways that solidified my appreciation of the instrument. In addition to delivering tones that fit well for country, rock, R&B, and blues shows, the response and sensitivity of the SQR pickups improved my bass-line articulations. In some cases, this actually helped me lock in with drummers, tightening our pocket and stabilizing the tempo.
I played the Contemporary HH so much that I ended up draining the 9V battery. Unfortunately, this happened at a show when puzzled looks were directed my way after my sound disappeared. It was easy to replace thanks to the accessible battery box, but an active/passive switch would be nice to have for those unfortunate brain lapses.
The Verdict
A bass that sounds, plays, and looks as good as Squier’s latest is an absolute rarity for $399. After proving its mettle over long performances and in multiple musical environments, I found the Contemporary Active Jazz HH to epitomize the term “workhorse instrument.” I can say with confidence that this new offering from Squier contends with some of the biggest names in the bass market. It’s a must-try for any bassist, and, in my opinion, it’s without question one of the most impressive basses released this year.
Watch the Review Demo: