Think about the inspiration we’ve all had from hearing an amazing electric guitar recording. I know it’s literally altered my career path, and I’m sure countless others will have similar stories. But getting that perfect sound from the speaker to tape is no easy task. There are infinite combinations of pickups, strings, amps, cables, instruments and players, each with their own tonality (and an endless number of opinions, too!). However, right up there in the order of importance is certainly the choice of microphone. Each selection will add a little something different to the sound, and no one choice is always the right one.
The Mics
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| Shure SM57 List: $170 Certainly a classic, this reliable, rugged dynamic mic has a frequency response of 40Hz–15kHz. Its relatively tight cardioid polar pattern and ability to take high volumes make it a first-call on many sessions. Due to its aggressive mid-range growl, it’s a perfect companion to blend with “darker” mics. When it comes to bang for the buck, the SM57 is hard to beat. Download Audio | Royer R-121 List: $1395 The R-121 is a dynamic Ribbon mic with a Figure-8 polar pattern. Like other ribbons, it’s warm, creamy and natural. Unlike most other ribbons, it was built to take a max SPL rating of 135dB, making it a great cabinet mic. Also, by turning it around and reversing the phase, the back is sonically brighter at distances of two feet and closer. We found its face-front sound to be one of our favorites overall for warmth and character—a perfect blend with an SM57. Download Audio | Neumann U 87 (Ai) List: $3998 Another legendary classic, this large diaphragm mic has three polar patterns (cardioid, omni, figure-8). We used an older model in cardioid mode, but the new Ai version has circuitry to increase the headroom by 10dB. With the rear switch attenuated, the U 87 can take up to 127dB and has a frequency response of 20Hz–20kHz. You can hear the “beef” on both clean and distorted parts, and very nice attitude on distorted sound. Download Audio |
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| Shure SM58 List: $188 Almost always thought of as a vocal mic, sometimes you just have to put one up on a cabinet. Like the SM57, its price, midrange peak, 50Hz–15kHz frequency response and ability to handle massive gain make it a mic drawer classic. Essentially a 57 with a different grill and more girth, it sounded surprisingly good on the clean parts. Download Audio | Earthworks QTC1 (Same as QTC40) List: $1295 An omni? Sure, why not! The QTC’s small diaphragm gives it a realistic and accurate sound. A super-wide frequency range of 4Hz–40kHz and max acoustic input of 142dB SPL make it a great option. It had a very natural sound—what you heard in the room is what came out of the speakers. Download Audio | Sennheiser MD 421 List: $598 A cardioid mic with a five-position bass rolloff (to help eliminate proximity effect), this mic is a classic tone heard for decades now. Its frequency response of 30Hz–17kHz and ability to take very high SPLs give it a full, round sound. It works great with other mics, and by itself sounded warm and full, with slightly rolled off highs. Download Audio |
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| Beyerdynamic M 160 List: $799 The M 160 is a hypercardioid, dynamic ribbon mic that has two ribbons arranged one above the other a half-millimeter apart. It’s got a max SPL of 129dB and a frequency response of 40Hz–18 kHz. Its big, ribbony sound is always a favorite for good reason. Download Audio | Audix i5 List $179 The i5 is a dynamic, general-purpose mic with a cardioid polar pattern. It has a frequency response of 50Hz–16kHz and a max SPL of 140dB—so it can take it hard. It sounds like a 57, but with additional presence and upper mid clarity, and would make a great partner with a MD 421 or Royer. Download Audio | Audio-Technica AT4060 List: $1665 This is a large cardioid, vacuum tube condenser with a large, 2-micron-thick gold diaphragm and separate power supply. It features 20Hz–20kHz specs and can take up to 131dB SPL, which is a lot for a tube mic. While it may not be the best call by itself, it would make a nice mic to put back around 3–4 feet for some additional room sound. Download Audio |
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| Coles 4038 List: N/A The 4038 is a studio ribbon mic designed by the BBC for broadcasting and recording. It’s bidirectional (figure-8) with a frequency response of 30Hz–15kHz and can take up to 125dB SPL—although we had to move this back to 11 inches for breakup factor. Another classic ribbon sound with the softened highs and warm overall tone, there’s no denying this one. Download Audio | Audio-Technica AT4047/SV List: $745 This good-looking condenser mic has a wide frequency response of 20Hz–18kHz and the ability to take up to 159dB SPL with the 10dB pad in. There’s a switchable 80Hz hi-pass filter as well, and it features a gold plated dualdiaphragm capsule design. It captured both crisp highs and a well-rounded bottom. Download Audio | AKG 414 B-ULS List: $1349 Wow, another classic. The 414 has five switchable polar patterns (omni, wide cardioid, cardioid, hyper cardioid, figure-8) and a large, 1-inch diaphragm. It’s got 20Hz–20kHz frequency response and a max SPL of up to 158 with -18dB of attenuation switched in. We set it to cardioid, no pad. This mic cuts through a mix well and has lots of attitude. Download Audio |
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| EV RE20 List: $750 Often referred to as the “donkey dick” mic, this large diaphragm dynamic cardioid monster routinely seen and heard on radio/TV broadcasts has a frequency response of 45Hz–18kHz. Commonly used in guitar session work, it makes a great complement to other mics, such as the 57. We used a PL15, which is basically the same model. It’s got great low end in both the clean and distorted parts… smooth upper mids and not too much high end. Download Audio | Shure SM7B List: $619 This dynamic is often viewed as a radio mic, but it has a smooth sound and 50Hz–20kHz frequency response. There are bass roll-off and mid-range emphasis switches, but we set it flat. With an immediately pleasing sound both clean and distorted, it’s got a bottom-heavy focus that works great alone or in conjunction with a brighter mic—great attitude. Download Audio | M-Audio Luna List: $399 Now available as the Luna II, this cardioid condenser has a large, solid brass capsule, Class-A electronics and a 10dB pad, which lets it handle up to 140dB SPL. It has a good, full low end and smooth mids, especially on the distorted tracks, and is well balanced. Download Audio |
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| Heil PR 40 List: $375 A dynamic supercardioid mic from Heil Sound, it features a large low-mass aluminum diaphragm, a heavy steel case and a wide frequency response from 28Hz–18kHz. Very nice bottom and high end, almost nondescript in a positive way. It sounds really cool with a Coles 4038, or the like. Download Audio | B&K 4006 List: $1925 (as DPA 4006) Now labeled under the DPA name, this high-end, phantom-powered omni mic is often used in classical recordings. Its got an extremely linear frequency response from 20Hz–20kHz, and can take up to 143dB max SPL. It sounds quite natural, with non-extended highs and lows that give you back just what you put in front of it. Download Audio | Reslo List: N/A A classic English ribbon mic from the early sixties, it’s got a frequency response of 40Hz–15kHz… no wonder it can be heard on some of those classic Beatles recordings. The output sounds like analog tape through an old tube console. Download Audio |
Below, Grammy Award Winning engineer/producer Pete Moshay and I put a nice selection of mics up on an electric guitar session, all ranging in street price from $99 to over $4000. From the desert island Shure SM57 to a vintage Coles 4038 ribbon, there’s something for everyone.
The Method
I recorded two guitar licks directly into Pro Tools HD at 24-bit, 48kHz using a Creation Audio Labs MW1 and a stock early-nineties American Standard Telecaster, set to the middle pickup position. We then fed that output into a Mesa Boogie MKIV (Full power, Triode and Simul-Class settings) head and a Boogie 4x12 cabinet with Black Shadow speakers in Moshay’s A-frame live room (plugged into a balanced power source).
Using our ears to pick the best speaker, we then placed each mic directly on axis, about two inches from the grill, just to the left outside the center of the cone. We used a Little Labs IBP to run the signal from Pro Tools to the amp, bringing the +4dB line level signal to guitar level. Each lick was recorded first on the Boogie’s Channel 1 clean setting, then on Channel 3 with some tube saturation. We used a Focusrite ISA 828 on Medium impedance (which we felt imparted the least coloration on the varied mic impedances), running the signal directly into Pro Tools with the preamp’s A/D converters, all clocked with an Apogee Electronics Big Ben. No patch bay was used.
The only adjustments made were to maintain a consistent signal where the peaks hit around -3–4 dB, using a 1kHz tone sent into the amp at approximately -25dB. With all the various types, models and dynamic ranges of the mics, it’s not a perfect science to get exact measurements and levels, but we tried to keep everything as even as possible.
Shure SM57
Certainly a classic, this reliable, rugged dynamic mic has a frequency response of 40Hz–15kHz. Its relatively tight cardioid polar pattern and ability to take high volumes make it a first-call on many sessions. Due to its aggressive mid-range growl, it’s a perfect companion to blend with “darker” mics. When it comes to bang for the buck, the SM57 is hard to beat.
$99 street
shure.com
Royer R-121
The R-121 is a dynamic Ribbon mic with a Figure-8 polar pattern. Like other ribbons, it’s warm, creamy and natural. Unlike most other ribbons, it was built to take a max SPL rating of 135dB, making it a great cabinet mic. Also, by turning it around and reversing the phase, the back is sonically brighter at distances of two feet and closer. We found its face-front sound to be one of our favorites overall for warmth and character—a perfect blend with an SM57.
$1,295 street
royerlabs.com
Neumann U 87 Ai
Another legendary classic, this large diaphragm mic has three polar patterns (cardioid, omni, figure-8). We used an older model in cardioid mode, but the new Ai version has circuitry to increase the headroom by 10dB. With the rear switch attenuated, the U 87 can take up to 127dB and has a frequency response of 20Hz–20kHz. You can hear the “beef” on both clean and distorted parts, and very nice attitude on distorted sound.
$3,650 street
en-de.neumann.com
Shure SM58
Almost always thought of as a vocal mic, sometimes you just have to put one up on a cabinet. Like the SM57, its price, midrange peak, 50Hz–15kHz frequency response and ability to handle massive gain make it a mic drawer classic. Essentially a 57 with a different grill and more girth, it sounded surprisingly good on the clean parts.
$99 street
shure.com
Earthworks QTC1
An omni? Sure, why not! The QTC’s small diaphragm gives it a realistic and accurate sound. A super-wide frequency range of 4Hz–40kHz and max acoustic input of 142dB SPL make it a great option. It had a very natural sound—what you heard in the room is what came out of the speakers.
$1,998 street
earthworksaudio.com
Sennheiser MD 421
A cardioid mic with a five-position bass rolloff (to help eliminate proximity effect), this mic is a classic tone heard for decades now. Its frequency response of 30Hz–17kHz and ability to take very high SPLs give it a full, round sound. It works great with other mics, and by itself sounded warm and full, with slightly rolled off highs.
$399 street
en-us.sennheiser.com
Beyerdynamic M 160
The M 160 is a hypercardioid, dynamic ribbon mic that has two ribbons arranged one above the other a half-millimeter apart. It’s got a max SPL of 129dB and a frequency response of 40Hz–18 kHz. Its big, ribbony sound is always a favorite for good reason.
$699 street
north-america.beyerdynamic.com
Audix i5
The i5 is a dynamic, general-purpose mic with a cardioid polar pattern. It has a frequency response of 50Hz–16kHz and a max SPL of 140dB—so it can take it hard. It sounds like a 57, but with additional presence and upper mid clarity, and would make a great partner with a MD 421 or Royer.
$99 street
audixusa.com
Audio-Technica AT4060
This is a large cardioid, vacuum tube condenser with a large, 2-micron-thick gold diaphragm and separate power supply. It features 20Hz–20kHz specs and can take up to 131dB SPL, which is a lot for a tube mic. While it may not be the best call by itself, it would make a nice mic to put back around 3–4 feet for some additional room sound.
$1,699 street
audio-technica.com
Coles 4038
The 4038 is a studio ribbon mic designed by the BBC for broadcasting and recording. It’s bidirectional (figure-8) with a frequency response of 30Hz–15kHz and can take up to 125dB SPL—although we had to move this back to 11 inches for breakup factor. Another classic ribbon sound with the softened highs and warm overall tone, there’s no denying this one.
$1,438 street
Audio-Technica AT4047/SV
This good-looking condenser mic has a wide frequency response of 20Hz–18kHz and the ability to take up to 159dB SPL with the 10dB pad in. There’s a switchable 80Hz hi-pass filter as well, and it features a gold plated dualdiaphragm capsule design. It captured both crisp highs and a well-rounded bottom.
$699 street
audio-technica.com
AKG C414
Wow, another classic. The 414 has five switchable polar patterns (omni, wide cardioid, cardioid, hyper cardioid, figure-8) and a large, 1-inch diaphragm. It’s got 20Hz–20kHz frequency response and a max SPL of up to 158 with -18dB of attenuation switched in. We set it to cardioid, no pad. This mic cuts through a mix well and has lots of attitude.
$1,155 street
akg.com
Electro-Voice RE20
Often referred to as the “donkey dick” mic, this large diaphragm dynamic cardioid monster routinely seen and heard on radio/TV broadcasts has a frequency response of 45Hz–18kHz. Commonly used in guitar session work, it makes a great complement to other mics, such as the 57. We used a PL15, which is basically the same model. It’s got great low end in both the clean and distorted parts… smooth upper mids and not too much high end.
$449 street
electrovoice.com
Shure SM7B
This dynamic is often viewed as a radio mic, but it has a smooth sound and 50Hz–20kHz frequency response. There are bass roll-off and mid-range emphasis switches, but we set it flat. With an immediately pleasing sound both clean and distorted, it’s got a bottom-heavy focus that works great alone or in conjunction with a brighter mic—great attitude.
$399 street
shure.com
M-Audio Luna
Now available as the Luna II, this cardioid condenser has a large, solid brass capsule, Class-A electronics and a 10dB pad, which lets it handle up to 140dB SPL. It has a good, full low end and smooth mids, especially on the distorted tracks, and is well balanced.
m-audio.com
Heil PR 40
A dynamic supercardioid mic from Heil Sound, it features a large low-mass aluminum diaphragm, a heavy steel case and a wide frequency response from 28Hz–18kHz. Very nice bottom and high end, almost nondescript in a positive way. It sounds really cool with a Coles 4038, or the like.
$299 street
heilsound.com
DPA 4006
Now labeled under the DPA name, this high-end, phantom-powered omni mic is often used in classical recordings. Its got an extremely linear frequency response from 20Hz–20kHz, and can take up to 143dB max SPL. It sounds quite natural, with non-extended highs and lows that give you back just what you put in front of it.
$2,339 street
dpamicrophones.com
Reslo
A classic English ribbon mic from the early sixties, it’s got a frequency response of 40Hz–15kHz… no wonder it can be heard on some of those classic Beatles recordings. The output sounds like analog tape through an old tube console.
[Updated 12/12/21]
Jeff Beck playing: the ‘Oxblood’, his 1954 Gibson Les Paul.
Jeff Beck (1944-2023), was a trailblazing guitar icon and legend. A multi-Grammy award-winning artist – twice inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame – his inimitable sound led to collaborations with countless internationally renowned musicians and friends including: Jimmy Page, Jimi Hendrix, Ronnie Wood, Rod Stewart, Steven Tyler, Billy Gibbons, Jan Hammer, Eric Clapton, David Gilmour, Tina Turner, Mick Jagger, BB King, Buddy Guy, Nile Rodgers, Carlos Santana, Stevie Wonder, Imelda May and Johnny Depp, amongst others.Providing a remarkable opportunity for fans, guitarists and collectors, this unique sale comprises over 130 guitars, amps and ‘tools-of-the-trade’, which Jeff played through his almost six-decades-long career, from joining The Yardbirds in March 1965, to his last tour in 2022. With estimates ranging from £100 to £500,000, highlights will be on public view in Los Angeles from 4 to 6 December, followed by the full collection being on show in the pre-sale exhibition at Christie’s headquarters in London, from 15 to 22 January 2025.
Sandra Beck: “I hope you enjoy reading through this catalogue featuring the tools of my Gorgeous Jeff’s life. These guitars were his great love and after almost two years of his passing it's time to part with them as Jeff wished. After some hard thinking I decided they need to be shared, played and loved again. It is a massive wrench to part with them but I know Jeff wanted for me to share this love. He was a maestro of his trade. He never lusted after commercial success. For him it was just about the music. He constantly reinvented himself with his musical direction and I could not single out one person, one recording or one guitar as his favourite. I hope the future guitarists who acquire these items are able to move closer to the genius who played them. Thank you all for considering a small piece of Jeff that I am now hoping to share with you.”
COLLECTION HIGHLIGHTS:
The sale is led by one of Jeff Beck’s most recognisable guitars – his iconic 1954 ‘Oxblood’ Gibson Les Paul, famously depicted on the cover of his seminal 1975 solo instrumental album Blow By Blow, and used on tracks including the Beck-Middleton original composition ‘Scatterbrain’ (estimate: £350,000-500,000, illustrated above left). Purchased in November 1972 in Memphis, the guitar saw extensive live action with the short-lived power trio Beck, Bogert & Appice in 1973. Other notable live shows through the 1970s included his performance alongside David Bowie and Mick Ronson at the farewell show of Ziggy Stardust & The Spiders From Mars, at the Hammersmith Odeon on 3 July 1973, the film of which was released in 2023, including Jeff’s iconic guest appearance.
The original ‘Yardburst’, Jeff Beck bought his circa 1958 Gibson Les Paul in London in 1966 whilst in the seminal British rock group The Yardbirds (estimate: £40,000-60,000, illustrated above right). The history and battle scars of this guitar are legendary. Purchased at Selmer’s in Charing Cross for £175 in early 1966, it was used to record ‘Over Under Sideways Down’ and ‘Happenings Ten Years Time Ago’ on The Yardbirds’ album Roger The Engineer, as well as Jeff Beck’s solo track ‘Beck’s Bolero’, co-written with Jimmy Page and recorded with Keith Moon, John Paul Jones and Nicky Hopkins. Jeff removed the black pickguard, switch surround and the original sunburst finish in late 1967, leaving the guitar in its natural raw blonde state. Jeff played the guitar on his debut studio solo album Truth, the first to showcase the talents of backing band the Jeff Beck Group, featuring a young Rod Stewart on vocals and Ronnie Wood on bass, and on tour when the band crossed the Atlantic in 1968, including for a memorable residency at the Scene in New York in June 1968, where nightly encores saw Jimi Hendrix join the band on stage, including for a jam on this very guitar.
The ‘Tele-Gib’ is a hybrid guitar put together by world-renowned pickup designer Seymour Duncan specifically for Jeff Beck in 1973 (estimate: £100,000-150,000). Comprising a Fender Telecaster body and neck with a pair of Gibson PAF humbucking pickups removed from a Flying V, Seymour took the guitar to Jeff whilst he was rehearsing with Beck, Bogert & Appice in London in late 1973. The Tele-Gib can be heard on the beautiful Stevie Wonder track ‘Cause We’ve Ended As Lovers’, from Blow By Blow, and was subsequently used for many other sessions and live performances, including The Secret Policeman’s Other Ball in 1981, alongside fellow former Yardbird, Eric Clapton.
Jeff Beck’s 1954 Sunburst Fender Stratocaster, serial number 0062, was one of his most prized possessions (estimate: £50,000-80,000). A gift from Humble Pie’s Steve Marriott following a late-night session in 1976, Jeff replaced the existing Tele neck with a 1958 Strat neck, which he had used to record many tracks on Beck-Ola (1969), Rough And Ready (1972) and Blow By Blow (1975). The ’54 would become Jeff’s principal performance and recording guitar for the rest of the ‘70s and into the early ‘80s – including for the majority of the 1980 album There And Back, and the A.R.M.S. Benefit Concert and tour in 1983, which saw the three ex-Yardbirds guitarists perform on stage together for the first time – Jeff Beck, Jimmy Page and Eric Clapton – alongside The Rolling Stones Charlie Watts, Bill Wyman and Ronnie Wood and many other world-famous musicians.
‘Tina’ the Pink Jackson Soloist was debuted during the 1983 A.R.M.S. tour, at Madison Square Garden in New York City (estimate: £8,000-12,000). Fitted with a patented Kahler bridge, it enabled Jeff to deliver even more extreme string bends and harmonics and was immediately employed on several important recording sessions with world-renowned artists, most notably Tina Turner. Having lent his unique talents to her Mark Knopfler-written single ‘Private Dancer’, Jeff requested that she sign his guitar in lieu of payment for the session. When the pen failed, she engraved her signature with a flick-knife and then rubbed in green nail varnish for good effect. Jeff would go on to play the guitar on his 1985 album Flash, produced by Nile Rodgers, including for his reunion duet with Rod Stewart, ‘People Get Ready’.
The longest-serving of his Fender White Stratocasters, ‘Anoushka’ was master built by J.W. Black of the Fender Custom Shop (estimate: £20,000-30,000). Jeff modified his Strats – the model he referred to as ‘another arm’ – switching necks, bodies and electronics to suit his needs. The neck of this guitar was Jeff’s favourite and, when united with the present white Strat body he named ‘Anoushka’, became his primary recording and performance Strat for 16 years. It was used to record four solo albums and for hundreds of live performances, including much of Jeff’s legendary Ronnie Scott’s residency, his second induction into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, a co-headline tour with Eric Clapton, and for his performance at the Obama White House alongside B.B. King and Mick Jagger in 2012.
The PXO is an overdrive/boost where you can select pre or post giving you variety in how you want to boost, EQ and overdrive. We have provided standard controls on the overdrive side such as Volume/Gain/Overdrive and EQ but on the boost side you have a separate Tilt EQ that allows you to EQ with simplicity. You can experiment by cascading in a pre or post situation and experiment from there. The PXO has a lush, thick feel to the bottom end and a smooth top end that begs you to dig into the note.
J. Rockett Audio Designs PXO Phil X Signature Overdrive Pedal
