Occasionally new saviors rise to restore rock’s soul and give it the kick in the ass it needs. In 2021, those saviors are Nova Twins' Amy Love and Georgia South and their two monstrous secret pedalboards.
Bassist Georgia South and vocalist/guitarist Amy Love embody everything right about rock, and they fly in the face of what's wrong with it. As two women of color—Love is half Iranian and half Nigerian, South is half Jamaican and half English—they're sick of being told who they should be, what kind of music they should play, or how to play it. They're sick of being asked how they do it (more on that in a minute). And most of all, they're tired of feeling out of place in the male-dominated rock world.
“We love the rock scene," South says. “But it needs a shakeup in diversity, especially with women in the scene and people who don't identify as men. I mean, we played [France's] Hellfest and were the only women on that stage for that day."
“And there are some exciting things in the underground," Love says. “There are new artists that are hinting toward where we could go. But I think the gatekeepers and the promoters need to make an effort to find these new bands. Right now, we regurgitate the same headliners that have been going for years and years. But we need to make sure we build for the future, so that rock can survive."
In a case of serendipity, these two like-minded creatives found each other, aimed their sights on these issues, and created a savage new sound with an immediate sonic impact. It's loud, bold, and abrasive. It's like a million sawtooth synthesizers locked in a relentless groove and hell-bent on taking your head off.
So what does this have to do with guitar? Glad you asked.
This musically militant duo creates their grating grooves with a bass, a guitar, and two closely guarded pedalboards. (They also have a deftly skilled live drummer, Tim Nugent.)
“We like to create a world out of the bass and guitar," South says. “We were influenced by electronica, R&B, and even pop, to some extent. And they were all combined into our sound. We also love the production of certain hip-hop tracks. So we thought, 'How can we bring out that sound, but do it on our instruments?'"
“And we didn't need to add anything else," adds Love. “There's something quite special about musicianship. But what was nice and challenging was, 'How do we create this thing as a three-piece?'"
From the moment the Twins began writing together, they knew they had struck something original. And that they had something to say. What initially emerged was their debut single, 2015's “Bassline Bitch."
Even a cursory listen to the track reveals two souls throwing caution to the winds with an already fully realized sound, defined by South's locomotive bass and Love's go-for-the-throat vocal style. The guitar weaves in and out, completing the picture.
On their debut album, Who Are the Girls?, Nova Twins explore issues of race and sexuality, set against aggressive grooves and an intense electronica energy that has gained them comparison to U.K's the Prodigy.
“The guitar was always there," Love says. “But the way we fundamentally think about things is a bass and a vocal. At heart, that's what we bring to the table. The guitar has to be conscious of what the bass is doing because it is, sonically, the driving force of the track."
The recipe works, and “Bassline Bitch" caught the ear of the industry. One EP and three singles later, the Nova Twins were hard at work on their recent full-length debut, Who Are the Girls? While Many bands choose to play it safe for their first album, the Nova Twins aren't most bands. The new releasefinds them abrasive, boundary pushing, and more focused on their message than ever.
The aptly titled Who Are the Girls? tackles issues like race, sexuality, and misogyny. Much like Rage Against the Machine did in the '90s, their lyrics offer an uncomfortable look at the state of our world. You might agree, or you might disagree. But as soon as Nova Twins' roar pierces your eardrums, you're definitely paying attention.
The album explodes with the aggressive beats and attitude of '90s-era electronic music, in the vein of the Prodigy and Chemical Brothers. (“The good ones," according to Love.) You'll even find the groove and power of hip-hop and nu metal. From the first bass drop of “Vortex" to the chaotic conclusion of the album's closer, “Athena," the whole album is relentless, and it's all done with thoroughly modern musical expression.
Though always driving and always massive, Nova Twins' music is surprisingly straightforward. It sounds riddled with synthesizers, but there aren't any. There are no plug-in virtual instruments, no vintage analog pieces, no backing tracks....
“They asked when we went into the studio, 'Do you guys want to use synths?' We said, 'No, we don't. We want to be able to do it [our way] and see if we can,'" says South. “And being women of color, we feel like we have to prove ourselves 10 times harder. So doing it in that raw form, playing all the pedals at once, and being able to play it all live was the way we needed to do it, especially on the debut album. We're not saying we might not use synths in the future. We don't know. But the debut is special, and we wanted to be able to prove that to everybody."
“It's really heavy," says bassist Georgia South of her Westone Thunder 1. “I love that it's passive. When you have loads of pedals, it's good to have something neutral like that. I got it from my friend's dad and have played it ever since." Photo by Arthur René Walwin
Without synths, Love's and South's choice of effects pedals play a vital role. Each musician performs behind crowded pedalboards full of carefully tuned effects—sound-sculpting devices, manipulated on the fly, that help Nova Twins redefine the power trio. We're not talking about MIDI-triggered multi-effects or a loaded laptop, either. There are no typical, always-on tone sweeteners.
However, don't ask them what pedals they use. When I did, I saw the disappointed look of artists with more important things to talk about. Namely, why their pedals aren't the point.
“You must know that it's a secret?" asked South. “We don't say. We have them all taped up. Getting into it, we didn't look at anyone else's pedalboard. That's not really important. We just encourage people to find their own sound."
“We do have a Boss tuner," Love added, with a sly laugh.
“I recommend to new bass players that they don't need to idolize someone," South continued. “If you idolize someone too much, you lose track of who you could be. So don't idolize anyone. Listen to your bare self, and whatever comes out will be your sound."
Basses
Westone Thunder 1Fender Precision
Fender fretless
Amps
Gallien-Krueger 2x12 MB series comboMarshall Valvestate guitar combo
Marshall JCM800 Studio Classic 20-watt combo
Strings, Picks & Cables
Ernie Ball strings (.045–.100)Dunlop Tortex picks
Van Damme and Fender cables
Putting their art before their tools is a noble trait. Lord knows we sometimes spend too much time reversing those priorities. But luckily for the gearheads out there, Love and South were eager to dig in on their guitars, basses, amps, and playing techniques.
South, who started on piano, moved to bass when searching for something more powerful. She found it in her beloved 1980s Westone Thunder 1.
“That bass is my absolute baby," she says. “It's really heavy. And I love that it's passive. When you have loads of pedals, it's good to have something neutral like that. I got it from my friend's dad and have played it ever since. I'm just obsessed with Westone. I even have a Westone jacket with Westone on the back, from a Facebook group." [Laughs.]
Channeling her 4-string obsession, South crafts lines that hit as hard as many five-piece metal bands. And we're not talking about riding eighth notes, either. From melodic flourishes to devastating riffs, each song covers her entire fretboard. Listen to the filtered, staccato stabs and manipulated metal explosions in the new album's “Bullet" and you'll understand. She pushes it all through a surprisingly small, multi-amp setup of a Gallien-Krueger MB 212 bass combo and an old Marshall Valvestate guitar combo, which packs a 12AX7 preamp tube into an otherwise solid-state circuit.
“The Gallien-Krueger combo is so small and so light," South says. “It's perfect when traveling in a car to all the venues, which we did in the past. We even did huge shows, and it still filled the room. And the Marshall Valvestate was cool because I couldn't blow any valves up. And I've blown up Ampegs!"
Love, on the other hand, is a lesson in restraint—though not tonally. Her guitar cuts an equally savage path through their tracks. But as a songwriter first, her style is all about serving Nova Twins.
“I love Annie Clark," Love shares. “She's quite interesting with St. Vincent. And the way that Jack White made guitars scream, they were quite angular. I really enjoyed that as well. But I never looked to guitar players that I admired. We developed in our own band, in a bubble. I mean, the guitar doesn't have to be busy. It can be like little hip-hop lines here and there or tiny color counterparts. It's there to support the bass and add nuance."
“It roars, and I love it," says Amy Loves about her Fender Player Mustang 90. “It has P-90 pickups, so it's not as tweedy as a normal Mustang. And it's short scale, so it's great to play. I like the way it fits my curves and body shape as a woman. And it works really well with my pedals. It just fits, you know?" Photo by Arthur René Walwin
However she came to her unique style, she knows when to play, when to fall out, and how to give every note maximum impact. There are thousands of lead guitarists claiming they're striving for the same thing, but every one of them can take a lesson from Love and her Fender Player Mustang 90.
“It roars, and I love it," Loves says of her Mustang. “It has P-90 pickups, so it's not as tweedy as a normal Mustang. And it's short scale, so it's great to play. I like the way it fits my curves and body shape as a woman. And it works really well with my pedals. It just fits, you know?"
With no shows currently on the books, the Nova Twins live rigs are a bit of a question mark. Creating new music is the current priority, so it's all about gear experimentation now.
“We are in a transitional period. We're writing new stuff, which will require more and more shit," Love says. “I use my [Fender] Hot Rod [Deluxe], which packs a punch. It's great. It's classic. And Marshall gave me an Origin ORI50C amp, which is designed for pedals. It's really clear and true sounding. It's also great when you want to play clean, pretty guitar. I want to try splitting the tones."
Guitars
Fender Player Mustang 90American Professional II Stratocaster
Amps
Fender Hot Rod DeluxeMarshall ORI50C Origin
Strings, Picks & Cables
Ernie Ball strings (.010 and .011 sets)Dunlop Tortex picks
Van Damme and Fender cables
South's live rig is at a similar crossroads. “For the album, I had the Valvestate," South says. “And we haven't been able to play them live yet, but in rehearsals I have a Marshall JCM800 [Studio Classic]. It's super loud and small, which is great. And it's a lot more gnarly and hotter in tone compared to the [Valvestate]. So I'm still trying to decide which one I prefer."
As you can imagine, executing their energetic performances—with dynamic vocals, intricate playing, and on-the-fly pedalboard manipulation—is a mammoth task.
“We started writing to these sounds. Then we were trying to play and sing at the same time, while also trying to set off this pedal," explains Love. “We ended up thinking, 'Fuck, this is really difficult!' But we didn't think about not doing it. We just thought, 'How can we make this happen?'"
“It's a lot," South agrees. “In between every song, there's a routine where you have to change every setting on a lot of the pedals. So you learn every song, and you have to learn the pedal set to go with it. And it has a whole foot routine to go with it. So it takes a while to figure out how to play it."
“The pedals and stuff will never die," South continues. “I think we want to hold onto the [new album's] sound to a certain extent. But I think we also don't want to get complacent, be comfortable, or sit still. So we'll stay true to our roots. But we also know that we'll grow and experiment."
“Yeah. We're not going to suddenly bring out a drum 'n' bass album for the second record," Love says. “We're just going to bring what we've learned from the first record and put it into the second. It will just be more of what we do."
Amy Love and Georgia South, aka Nova Twins, tear through seven examples of effects-driven riffs, precision, and sheer power all without any synths or backing tracks.
Jeff "Skunk" Baxter expands his acclaimed first-ever solo album, Speed of Heat, with a brand new Storytellers Edition, featuring brand-new commentary tracks.
For over five decades, audiences worldwide have marveled at Baxter’s inimitable and instantly recognizable guitar playing and generational songcraft. His output spans classic records as a founding member of Steely Dan and member of the Doobie Brothers in addition to hundreds of recordings with the likes of Donna Summer, Cher, Joni Mitchell, Rod Stewart, Dolly Parton, and many more. During 2022, he initially unveiled Speed of Heat, showcasing yet another side of his creative identity and introducing himself as a solo artist.
On the Storytellers Edition, his fascinating commentary pulls the curtain back on both the process and the message of the music. This version traces the journey to Speed of Heat and its core inspirations as shared directly by Baxter in the form of detailed anecdotes, candid stories, and insightful commentary on every track.
The 12-songalbum, co-produced by Baxter and CJ Vanston, is a riveting and rewarding musical experience that features a host of brilliantly crafted originals co-written by the guitarist and Vanston, as well as inspired versions of some of the great classics. Along the way, Baxter is joined by guest vocalists and songwriters Michael McDonald, Clint Black, Jonny Lang and Rick Livingstone. Baxter notably handled lead vocals on his rendition of Steely Dan’s “My Old School.” Other standouts include "Bad Move" co-written by Baxter, Clint Black, and CJ Vanston, and “My Place In The Sun”, sung by Michael McDonald and co-authored by McDonald, Baxter and Vanston.
As one of the most recorded guitarists of his generation, Baxter’s creative and versatile playing has been heard on some of the most iconic songs in music history, including “9 to 5” by Dolly Parton and “Hot Stuff” by Donna Summer.
The stunningly diverse collection of material on Speed of Heat presents a 360-degree view of the uniquely gifted musician.
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Beauty and sweet sonority elevate a simple-to-use, streamlined acoustic and vocal amplifier.
An EQ curve that trades accuracy for warmth. Easy-to-learn, simple-to-use controls. It’s pretty!
Still exhibits some classic acoustic-amplification problems, like brash, unforgiving midrange if you’re not careful.
$1,199
Taylor Circa 74
taylorguitars.com
Save for a few notable (usually expensive) exceptions, acoustic amplifiers are rarely beautiful in a way that matches the intrinsic loveliness of an acoustic flattop. I’ve certainly seen companies try—usually by using brown-colored vinyl to convey … earthiness? Don’t get me wrong, a lot of these amps sound great and even look okay. But the bar for aesthetics, in my admittedly snotty opinion, remains rather low. So, my hat’s off to Taylor for clearing that bar so decisively and with such style. The Circa 74 is, indeed, a pretty piece of work that’s forgiving to work with, ease to use, streamlined, and sharp.
Boxing Beyond Utility
Any discussion of trees or wood with Bob Taylor is a gas, and highly instructive. He loves the stuff and has dabbled before in amplifier designs that made wood an integral feature, rather than just trim. But the Circa 74 is more than just an aesthetic exercise. Because the Taylor gang started to think in a relatively unorthodox way about acoustic sound amplification—eschewing the notion that flat frequency response is the only path to attractive acoustic tone.
I completely get this. I kind of hate flat-response speakers. I hate nice monitors. We used to have a joke at a studio I frequented about a pair of monitors that often made us feel angry and agitated. Except that they really did. Flat sound can be flat-out exhausting and lame. What brings me happiness is listening to Lee “Scratch” Perry—loud—on a lazy Sunday on my secondhand ’70s Klipsch speakers. One kind of listening is like staring at a sun-dappled summer garden gone to riot with flowers. The other sometimes feels like a stale cheese sandwich delivered by robot.
The idea that live acoustic music—and all its best, earthy nuances—can be successfully communicated via a system that imparts its own color is naturally at odds with acoustic culture’s ethos of organic-ness, authenticity, and directness. But where does purity end and begin in an amplified acoustic signal? An undersaddle pickup isn’t made of wood. A PA with flat-response speakers didn’t grow in a forest. So why not build an amp with color—the kind of color that makes listening to music a pleasure and not a chore?
To some extent, that question became the design brief that drove the evolution of the Circa 74. Not coincidentally, the Circa 74 feels as effortless to use as a familiar old hi-fi. It has none of the little buttons for phase correction that make me anxious every time I see one. There’s two channels: one with an XLR/1/4" combo input, which serves as the vocal channel if you are a singer; another with a 1/4" input for your instrument. Each channel consists of just five controls—level, bass, middle, and treble EQ, and a reverb. An 11th chickenhead knob just beneath the jewel lamp governs the master output. That’s it, if you don’t include the Bluetooth pairing button and 1/8" jacks for auxiliary sound sources and headphones. Power, by the way, is rated at 150 watts. That pours forth through a 10" speaker.Pretty in Practice
I don’t want to get carried away with the experiential and aesthetic aspects of the Circa 74. It’s an amplifier with a job to do, after all. But I had fun setting it up—finding a visually harmonious place among a few old black-panel Fender amps and tweed cabinets, where it looked very much at home, and in many respects equally timeless.
Plugging in a vocal mic and getting a balance with my guitar happened in what felt like 60 seconds. Better still, the sound that came from the Circa 74, including an exceedingly croaky, flu-addled human voice, sounded natural and un-abrasive. The Circa 74 isn’t beyond needing an assist. Getting the most accurate picture of a J-45 with a dual-source pickup meant using both the treble and midrange in the lower third of their range. Anything brighter sounded brash. A darker, all-mahogany 00, however, preferred a scooped EQ profile with the treble well into the middle of its range. You still have to do the work of overcoming classic amplification problems like extra-present high mids and boxiness. But the fixes come fast, easily, and intuitively. The sound may not suggest listening to an audiophile copy of Abbey Road, as some discussions of the amp would lead you to expect. But there is a cohesiveness, particularly in the low midrange, that does give it the feel of something mixed, even produced, but still quite organic.
The Verdict
Taylor got one thing right: The aesthetic appeal of the Circa 74 has a way of compelling you to play and sing. Well, actually, they got a bunch of things right. The EQ is responsive and makes it easy to achieve a warm representation of your acoustic, no matter what its tone signature. It’s also genuinely attractive. It’s not perfectly accurate. Instead, it’s rich in low-mid resonance and responsive to treble-frequency tweaks—lending a glow not a million miles away from a soothing home stereo. I think that approach to acoustic amplification is as valid as the quest for transparency. I’m excited to see how that thinking evolves, and how Taylor responds to their discoveries.
The evolution of Electro-Harmonix’s very first effect yields a powerful boost and equalization machine at a rock-bottom price.
A handy and versatile preamp/booster that goes well beyond the average basic booster’s range. Powerful EQ section.
Can sound a little harsh at more extreme EQ ranges.
$129
Electro-Harmonix LPB-3
ehx.com
Descended from the first Electro-Harmonix pedal ever released, the LPB-1 Linear Power Booster, the new LPB-3 has come a long way from the simple, one-knob unit in a folded-metal enclosure that plugged straight into your amplifier. Now living in Electro-Harmonix’s compact Nano chassis, the LPB-3 Linear Power Booster and EQ boasts six control knobs, two switches, and more gain than ever before.
If 3 Were 6
With six times the controls found on the 1 and 2 versions (if you discount the original’s on/off slider switch,) the LPB-3’s control complement offers pre-gain, boost, mid freq, bass, treble, and mid knobs, with a center detent on the latter three so you can find the midpoint easily. A mini-toggle labeled “max” selects between 20 dB and 33 dB of maximum gain, and another labeled “Q” flips the resonance of the mid EQ between high and low. Obviously, this represents a significant expansion of the LPB’s capabilities.
More than just a booster with a passive tone, the LPB-3 boasts a genuine active EQ stage plus parametric midrange section, comprising the two knobs with shaded legends, mid freq and mid level. The gain stages have also been reimagined to include a pre-gain stage before the EQ, which enables up to 20 dB of input gain. The boost stage that follows the EQ is essentially a level control with gain to allow for up to 33 dB of gain through the LPB-3 when the “max” mini toggle is set to 33dB
A slider switch accessible inside the pedal selects between buffered or true bypass for the hard-latch footswitch. An AC adapter is included, which supplies 200mA of DC at 9.6 volts to the center-negative power input, and EHX specifies that nothing supplying less than 120mA or more than 12 volts should be used. There’s no space for an internal battery.
Power-Boosted
The LPB-3 reveals boatloads of range that betters many linear boosts on the market. There’s lots of tone-shaping power here. Uncolored boost is available when you want it, and the preamp gain knob colors and fattens your signal as you crank it up—even before you tap into the massive flexibility in the EQ stage.
“The preamp gain knob colors and fattens your signal as you crank it up—even before you tap into the massive flexibility in the EQ stage.”
I found the two mid controls work best when used judiciously, and my guitars and amps preferred subtle changes pretty close to the midpoint on each. However, there are still tremendous variations in your mid boost (or scoop, for that matter) within just 15 or 20 percent range in either direction from the center detent. Pushing the boost and pre-gain too far, particularly with the 33 dB setting engaged, can lead to some harsh sounds, but they are easy to avoid and might even be desirable for some users that like to work at more creative extremes.
The Verdict
The new LPB-3 has much, much more range than its predecessors, providing flexible preamp, boost, and overdrive sounds that can be reshaped in significant ways via the powerful EQ. It gives precise tone-tuning flexibility to sticklers that like to match a guitar and amp to a song in a very precise way, but also opens up more radical paths for experimentalists. That it does all this at a $129 price is beyond reasonable.
Electro-Harmonix Lpb-3 Linear Power Booster & Eq Effect Pedal Silver And Blue
Intermediate
Intermediate
• Learn classic turnarounds.
• Add depth and interest to common progressions.
• Stretch out harmonically with hip substitutions.
Get back to center in musical and ear-catching ways.
A turnaround chord progression has one mission: It allows the music to continue seamlessly back to the beginning of the form while reinforcing the key center in a musically interesting way. Consider the last four measures of a 12-bar blues in F, where the bare-bones harmony would be C7-Bb7-F7-F7 (one chord per measure). With no turn around in the last two measures, you would go back to the top of the form, landing on another F7. That’s a lot of F7, both at the end of the form, and then again in the first four bars of the blues. Without a turnaround, you run the risk of obscuring the form of the song. It would be like writing a novel without using paragraphs or punctuation.
The most common turnaround is the I-VI-ii-V chord progression, which can be applied to the end of the blues and is frequently used when playing jazz standards. Our first four turnarounds are based on this chord progression. Furthermore, by using substitutions and chord quality changes, you get more mileage out of the I-VI-ii-V without changing the basic functionality of the turnaround itself. The second group of four turnarounds features unique progressions that have been borrowed from songs or were created from a theoretical idea.
In each example, I added extensions and alterations to each chord and stayed away from the pure R-3-5-7 voicings. This will give each chord sequence more color and interesting voice leading. Each turnaround has a companion solo line that reflects the sound of the changes. Shell voicings (root, 3rd, 7th) are played underneath so that the line carries the sound of the written chord changes, making it easier to hear the sound of the extensions and alterations. All examples are in the key of C. Let’s hit it.
The first turnaround is the tried and true I-VI-ii-V progression, played as Cmaj7-A7-Dm7-G7. Ex. 1 begins with C6/9, to A7(#5), to Dm9, to G7(#5), and resolves to Cmaj7(#11). By using these extensions and alterations, I get a smoother, mostly chromatic melodic line at the top of the chord progression.
Ex. 2 shows one possible line that you can create. As for scale choices, I used C major pentatonic over C6/9, A whole tone for A7(#5), D Dorian for Dm9, G whole tone for G7(#5), and C Lydian for Cmaj7(#11) to get a more modern sound.
The next turnaround is the iii-VI-ii-V progression, played as Em7-A7-Dm7-G7 where the Em7 is substituted for Cmaj7. The more elaborate version in Ex. 3 shows Em9 to A7(#9)/C#, to Dm6/9, to G9/B, resolving to Cmaj7(add6). A common way to substitute chords is to use the diatonic chord that is a 3rd above the written chord. So, to sub out the I chord (Cmaj7) you would use the iii chord (Em7). By spelling Cmaj7 = C-E-G-B and Em7 = E-G-B-D, you can see that these two chords have three notes in common, and will sound similar over the fundamental bass note, C. The dominant 7ths are in first inversion, but serve the same function while having a more interesting bass line.
The line in Ex. 4 uses E Dorian over Em9, A half-whole diminished over A7(#9)/C#, D Dorian over Dm6/9, G Mixolydian over G9/B, and C major pentatonic over Cmaj7(add6). The chord qualities we deal with most are major 7, dominant 7, and minor 7. A quality change is just that… changing the quality of the written chord to another one. You could take a major 7 and change it to a dominant 7, or even a minor 7. Hence the III-VI-II-V turnaround, where the III and the VI have both been changed to a dominant 7, and the basic changes would be E7-A7-D7-G7.
See Ex. 5, where E7(b9) moves to A7(#11), to D7(#9) to G7(#5) to Cmaj9. My scale choices for the line in Ex. 6 are E half-whole diminished over E7(#9), A Lydian Dominant for A7(#11), D half-whole diminished for D7(#9), G whole tone for G7(#5), and C Ionian for Cmaj9.
Ex. 7 is last example in the I-VI-ii-V category. Here, the VI and V are replaced with their tritone substitutes. Specifically, A7 is replaced with Eb7, and G7 is replaced with Db7, and the basic progression becomes Cmaj7-Eb7-Dm7-Db7. Instead of altering the tritone subs, I used a suspended 4th sound that helped to achieve a diatonic, step-wise melody in the top voice of the chord progression.
The usual scales can be found an Ex. 8, where are use a C major pentatonic over C6/9, Eb Mixolydian over Eb7sus4, D Dorian over Dm11, Db Mixolydian over Db7sus4, and once again, C Lydian over Cmaj7(#11). You might notice that the shapes created by the two Mixolydian modes look eerily similar to minor pentatonic shapes. That is by design, since a Bb minor pentatonic contains the notes of an Eb7sus4 chord. Similarly, you would use an Ab minor pentatonic for Db7sus4.
The next four turnarounds are not based on the I-VI-ii-V chord progression, but have been adapted from other songs or theoretical ideas. Ex. 9 is called the “Backdoor” turnaround, and uses a iv-bVII-I chord progression, played as Fm7-Bb7-Cmaj7. In order to keep the two-bar phrase intact, a full measure of C precedes the actual turnaround. I was able to compose a descending whole-step melodic line in the top voice by using Cmaj13 and Cadd9/E in the first bar, Fm6 and Ab/Bb in the second bar, and then resolving to G/C. The slash chords have a more open sound, and are being used as substitutes for the original changes. They have the same function, and they share notes with their full 7th chord counterparts.
Creating the line in Ex. 10 is no more complicated than the other examples since the function of the chords determines which mode or scale to use. The first measure employs the C Ionian mode over the two Cmaj chord sounds. F Dorian is used over Fm6 in bar two. Since Ab/Bb is a substitute for Bb7, I used Bb Mixolydian. In the last measure, C Ionian is used over the top of G/C.
The progression in Ex. 11 is the called the “Lady Bird” turnaround because it is lifted verbatim from the Tadd Dameron song of the same name. It is a I-bIII-bVI-bII chord progression usually played as Cmaj7-Eb7-Abmaj7-Db7. Depending on the recording or the book that you check out, there are slight variations in the last chord but Db7 seems to be the most used. Dressing up this progression, I started with a different G/C voicing, to Eb9(#11), to Eb/Ab (subbing for Abmaj7), to Db9(#11), resolving to C(add#11). In this example, the slash chords are functioning as major seventh chords.
As a result, my scale choices for the line in Ex. 12 are C Ionian over G/C, Eb Lydian Dominant over Eb9(#11), Ab Ionian over Eb/Ab, Db Lydian Dominant over Db9(#11), and C Lydian over C(add#11).
The progression in Ex. 13 is called an “equal interval” turnaround, where the interval between the chords is the same in each measure. Here, the interval is a descending major 3rd that creates a I-bVI-IV-bII sequence, played as Cmaj7-Abmaj7-Fmaj7-Dbmaj7, and will resolve a half-step down to Cmaj7 at the top of the form. Since the interval structure and chord type is the same in both measures, it’s easy to plane sets of voicings up or down the neck. I chose to plane up the neck by using G/C to Abmaj13, then C/F to Dbmaj13, resolving on Cmaj7/E.
The line in Ex. 14 was composed by using the notes of the triad for the slash chord and the Lydian mode for the maj13 chords. For G/C, the notes of the G triad (G-B-D) were used to get an angular line that moves to Ab Lydian over Abmaj13. In the next measure, C/F is represented by the notes of the C triad (C-E-G) along with the root note, F. Db Lydian was used over Dbmaj13, finally resolving to C Ionian over Cmaj7/E. Since this chord progression is not considered “functional” and all the chord sounds are essentially the same, you could use Lydian over each chord as a way to tie the sound of the line together. So, use C Lydian, Ab Lydian, F Lydian, Db Lydian, resolving back to C Lydian.
The last example is the “Radiohead” turnaround since it is based off the chord progression from their song “Creep.” This would be a I-III-IV-iv progression, and played Cmaj7-E7-Fmaj7-Fm7. Dressing this one up, I use a couple of voicings that had an hourglass shape, where close intervals were in the middle of the stack.
In Ex. 15 C6/9 moves to E7(#5), then to Fmaj13, to Fm6 and resolving to G/C. Another potential name for the Fmaj13 would be Fmaj7(add6) since the note D is within the first octave. This chord would function the same way, regardless of which name you used.
Soloing over this progression in Ex. 16, I used the C major pentatonic over C6/9, E whole tone over E7(#5), F Lydian over Fmaj13, and F Dorian over Fm6. Again, for G/C, the notes of the G triad were used with the note E, the 3rd of a Cmaj7 chord.
The main thing to remember about the I-VI-ii-V turnaround is that it is very adaptable. If you learn how to use extensions and alterations, chord substitutions, and quality changes, you can create some fairly unique chord progressions. It may seem like there are many different turnarounds, but they’re really just an adaptation of the basic I-VI-ii-V progression.
Regarding other types of turnarounds, see if you can steal a short chord progression from a pop tune and make it work. Or, experiment with other types of intervals that would move the chord changes further apart, or even closer together. Could you create a turnaround that uses all minor seventh chords? There are plenty of crazy ideas out there to work with, and if it sounds good to you, use it!